Phosphorus (P) efficiency (relative growth), which is described as the ratio of shoot dry matter or grain yield at deficient P supply to that obtained under adequate P supply, was compared in 25 winter wheat cultivars grown under greenhouse and field conditions with low and adequate P levels in a P-deficient calcareous soil. Adequate P supply resulted in significant increases in shoot dry weigh...

Conventional methods of weed control are weather dependent, costly and labour intensive. Indiscriminate use of chemicals for controlling weeds may pose environmental problems. Sorghum allelopathy is a new technique, which has been tested for controlling weeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a substitute for chemical herbicides to reduce environmental pollution. Mature sorghum herbage contain...

Rodents are one of the most important vertebrate pests which directly and indirectly distress to the production of crops and storage of grains. Rodents especially under the Family Muridae can cause serious damage to cereal crops of all kinds including wheat. The present investigation was conducted to observe the pattern of damage by rodent (Rrodentia: Muridae) pests in wheat in conjunction with...

The C4 photosynthetic pathway evolved to allow efficient CO2 capture by plants where effective carbon supply may be limiting as in hot or dry environments, explaining the high growth rates of C4 plants such as maize. Important crops such as wheat and rice are C3 plants resulting in efforts to engineer them to use the C4 pathway. Here we show the presence of a C4 photosynthetic pathway in the de...

A total of 48 endophytic bacteria were isolated from surface-sterilized tissues of the medicinal plant Lonicera japonica, which is grown in eastern China; six strains were selected for further study based on their potential ability to promote plant growth in vitro (siderophore and indoleacetic acid production). The bacteria were characterized by phylogenetically analyzing their 16S rRNA gene si...

With increasing economic and environmental costs associated with fertilizer use, the need for low-input agroecological systems is on the rise. It is well documented that intercropping legumes can increase the supply of nutrients, through N2-fixation and P mobilization. Concurrently, the integration of trees in the agricultural landscape shows increasing evidence of nutrient inputs through effic...

The future role of China in world wheat markets is a compelling and important issue for pro­ ducers in California and the rest of the US. Some analysts have estimated that China will continue to demand large quantities of imported wheat. Others have forecast that China will gradu­ ally move to a position where domestic supply will meet the nation’s demand for wheat. Such strong views on this to...

The einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum) mutant, maintained vegetative phase (mvp), was induced by nitrogen ion-beam treatment and was identified by its inability to transit from the vegetative to reproductive phase. In our previous study, we showed that WAP1 (wheat APETALA1) is a key gene in the regulatory pathway that controls phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in common w...

The biphasic effects of Cu on the growth and some biochemical parameters of Hassawi wheat were studied. Hassawi wheat seeds were grown in various copper (Cu) levels (0, 2, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 100 mM) for 30 days. Cu was applied on soil as Cu2SO4.5H2O. The results showed that Cu concentration at 2 mM level promotes the growth and tested biochemical parameters of Hassawi wheat plants and can be co...

The influence of bile acid concentration on the growth of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. bacteria was demonstrated. Exposing these bacteria to the environment containing bile acid salts, and very poor in nutrients, leads to the disappearance of these microorganisms due to the toxic effect of bile acids. A multidimensional analysis of data in the form of principal component analysis...