There exist several important empirical and theoretical issues in dealing with English wh-questions. Among these are syntactic connectivity between the wh-filler and its putative gap, so-called that-trace effect, and constraints in the formation of infinitival wh-questions. Many attempts have been made to account for these, but few succeeded in obtaining satisfactory support. This paper offers ...

The goal of this paper is to examine Wh-islands effects in Bulgarian and Serbo-Croatian (SC) and constructions in which SC must have Wh-movement. The starting point will be Rudin’s (1988) seminal paper on the structure of multiple Wh-fronting (MWF) constructions in Bulgarian and SC. In section 1 of the paper I briefly summarize Rudin’s (1988) analysis as well as a modification of Rudin’s analys...

This involves two applications of wh-clustering and one application of wh-movement: first to whom attaches to the right of what. Then the cluster [ what [ to whom ] ] attaches to the right of who. Finally, standard wh-movement places the cluster [ who [ what [ to whom ] ] ] in Spec,CP. Japanese and German are taken to differ only minimally from Bulgarian as the respective analyses in (3) and (4...

This paper attempts to investigate word order and verbal movement in Moroccan Arabic the Minimalist framework. We observe that unmarked MA is SVO while derived structure VSO. follows an English-like derivation where subject moves from [Spec, vP] TP] whilst verb v T. raises issue of when it comes VSO languages have as underlying order. To derive VSO, we propose T Focus based on pragmatic reasons...

The mainstream literature on the Romance dialects of northern Italy has explained morphosyntax clause-internal wh-elements in answer-seeking interrogatives as either result interrogative movement into lower portion high left periphery (Munaro et al. 2001, Poletto & Pollock 2015, a.o.), or a canonical instance scope construal (Manzini Savoia 2005;2011). New empirical evidence from suggests t...

Artificial Intelligence chatbots have shown a growing interest in different domains including e-learning. They support learners by answering their repetitive and massive questions. In this paper, we develop smart learning architecture for an inclusive chatbot handling both text voice messages. Thus, disabled can easily use it. We automatically extract, preprocess, vectorize, construct AskBot's ...

Diabetes mellitus is a frequent cause for chronic, difficult-to-treat wounds. New therapies for diabetic wounds are urgently needed and in-vitro or ex-vivo test systems are essential for the initial identification of new active molecules. The aim of this study is to compare in-vitro and ex-vivo test systems for their usability for early drug screening and to investigate the efficacy of a birch ...

Estimates of heritability within herd (h(WH)(2) ) that were generated with daughter-dam regression, daughter-sire regression, and REML were compared, and effects of adjusting lactation records for within-herd heritability on genetic evaluations were evaluated. Holstein records for milk, fat, and protein yields and somatic cell score (SCS) from the USDA national database represented herds in the...

We examined the ovaries of 44 Wistar Hannover (RccHan(TM):WIST) (WH) and 30 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at 32-weeks of age to determine whether the ovarian structure and formation/regression of the corpora lutea (CLs) differ between the two strains. The average ovary weight was higher in WH rats. The average number of all CLs, including currently formed and previously formed CLs, was higher in WH ...

Parasitic Gaps (PGs) are now familiar objects on the syntactic landscape. A PG is an empty category in a Case-marked NP position that shares with Wh-trace the property of being A-bar bound but differs from Wh-trace insofar as it appears to bave the privilege of occuring in positions that are in some sense inaccessible to movement. Thus the PG in (1,2) (represented as ~) appears in a position th...