Mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens complex are important vectors of West Nile virus in the United States. We examined the genetic variations of Cx. pipiens mosquitoes from Chicago, Illinois that were determined to be principally ornithophilic but exhibited a relatively higher inclination for mammalian hosts including humans. Microsatellite analysis of 10 polymorphic markers was performed on 346 en...

Milk composition and body measurement traits, influenced by genes and environmental factors, play important roles in value assessments of efficiency and productivity in dairy goats. Lactoferrin (LF), involved in the efficient expression of protein in milk, is also an anabolic factor in skeletal tissue and a potent osteoblast survival factor. Therefore, it is an important candidate gene for milk...

Puya raimondii is an endemic species from the high Andes of Peru and Bolivia. In it distributed 8.068501°S, 16.170280°W to 16.180580°S, 70.658873°W, between 3600 4800 m, living in extreme climatic conditions typical Puna, where plays important ecological role. Despite wide distribution P. populations Peru, they appear be fairly uniform morphologically. The following questions arise: Will curren...

Steven Weinberg, a visionary and audacious light who forever changed our understanding of the universe, died on 23 July 2021 in Austin, Texas. He was born New York City 3 May 1933 received his BA from Cornell University 1954. At Princeton University, under Sam Treiman, he earned PhD nuclear physics 1957.Steven WeinbergLOUISE WEINBERGPPT|High resolutionSteve’s remarkable 1967 paper “A model lept...

AIMS To investigate the impact of sortilin-related receptor 1 gene 1 (SORL1) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR G) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), gene- gene and gene- environment interactions and haplotype on late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) risk. METHODS Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), haplotype analysis and pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) an...

Paris polyphylla var. chinensis is a perennial herb with medicinal properties that is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. However, this plant has been on the edge of extinction during the last few decades because of excessive deforestation based on the intense ethnopharmaceutical interest. We isolated 12 microsatellite loci from a (CT)(n)-enriched genomic library of P. polyphylla...

Purpose: In this study, we selected rs3775291 and rs3775296 polymorphisms of from toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) gene to investigate their association with the susceptibility of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD or AMD). Haplotypes of the two polymorphisms were also detected in AMD patients. Methods: A hospital-based multiple-center case-control study was designed. 110 AMD cases and 108 healt...

BACKGROUND To date, research examining the relationship between serotonergic genes and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has yielded conflicting results. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between four serotonergic polymorphisms (STin2 VNTR and 5-HTTLPR of the SLC6A4 gene, and A-1438G (rs6311) and T102C (rs6313) of the HTR2A gene) and OCD. METHODS 99 OCD patients, 4...

Connes' gauge theory is defined on noncommutative space-times. It is applied to formulate a noncommutative Glashow-Weinberg-Salam (GWS) model in the leptonic sector. It is shown that the model has two Higgs doublets and the gauge bosons sector after the Higgs mechanism contains the massive charged gauge fields, two massless and two massive neutral gauge fields. It is also shown that, in the tre...