The influence of alterniatinig periods of high and low temperatures upon the hardeninig process of plants has been described at various times in the literature (1, 2, 7). The rate at which planits lose this hardened condition when exposed to warm temiiperatures has been investigated (3, 10, 11). There appears to be relatively little in the literature, however, concernilng the ability of a plant...

Extreme climatic disturbances provide excellent opportunities to study natural selection in wild populations because they may cause measurable directional shifts in character traits. Insectivorous cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) in the northern Great Plains must often endure periods of cold weather in late spring that reduce food availability, and if cold spells last four or more days...

Broadband satellite-based IP networks have been considered as the technology to enable a strong and promising next-generation market. In satellite communication systems, the channel performance might be severely degraded due to the dynamic weather conditions such as the precipitation, and thereby lead to network congestion. Therefore, congestion control is critical in such networks to satisfy Q...

One aspect of implementing a limited-area ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) involves the specification of a suitable ensemble of lateral boundary conditions. We propose two classes of methods to populate a boundary condition ensemble. In the first class, the ensemble of boundary conditions is provided by an EnKF on a larger domain and is approximately a random draw from the probability distribution...

In this study, a 72-h cloud-permitting numerical prediction of Hurricane Wilma (2005), covering its initial 18-h spinup, an 18-h rapid intensification (RI), and the subsequent 36-h weakening stage, is performed using the Weather Research Forecast Model (WRF) with the finest grid length of 1 km. The model prediction uses the initial and lateral boundary conditions, including the bogus vortex, th...

The quality of grains and flour can be influenced by genetics, crop management, environment. objective this study was to evaluate the technological wheat interaction among genotype, nitrogen (N) fertilization weather conditions in different regions adaptation southern Brazil, aiming support farmers bakery industry sector their decision-making processes. experiment carried out three environments...