We propose a method for image set-based hand shape recognition that uses the multi-class AdaBoost framework. The recognition of hand shape is a difficult problem, as a hand’s appearance depends greatly on view point and individual characteristics. Using multiple images from a video camera or a multiple-camera system is known to be an effective solution to this problem. In our proposed method, a...

This paper presents a machine learning approach to Lip Reading and proposes a novel learning technique called sequential pattern boosting that allows us to efficiently search and combine temporal patterns to form strong spatio-temporal classifiers. Attempts at automatic lip reading need to address the demanding challenge that the problem is inherently temporal in nature. It is crucial to model ...

This paper proposes a new feature representation method based on the construction of a Confidence Matrix (CM). This representation consists of posterior probability values provided by several weak classifiers, each one trained and used in different sets of features from the original sample. The CM allows the final classifier to abstract itself from discovering underlying groups of features. In ...

0167-8655/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.patrec.2009.03.006 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +852 2766 6207; fax: E-mail address: [email protected] (K.-M. Lam Face-detection methods based on cascade architecture have demonstrated a fast and robust performance. In most of these methods, each node of the cascade employs the simple Haar-like features from the central eye–nos...

a field experiment was conducted to study the spatial relationships between weed seed bank and population and their distribution models in sugar beet crop (beta vulgaris) in 2009 at motahari  agricultural research station of karaj. sampling from seed bank before sugar beet drilling and weed population in three stages during the growing season were done using square (50*50 cm) and rectangle (25*...

Three experiments introduced a recognition memory paradigm designed to investigate reported subjective awareness during retrieval. At study, in Experiments 1A and 2, words were either generated or read (generation), while modality of presentation (auditory versus visual) was manipulated in Experiment 1B. Word pairs (old/new or new/new) were presented during test trials, and participants indicat...