The paper begins with an objection to the DesireBased Reasons Model. The argument from reason-based desires holds that since desires are based on reasons (first premise), which they transmit but to which they cannot add (second premise), they cannot themselves provide reasons for action. In the paper I investigate an attack that has recently been launched against the first premise of this argum...

*Correspondence: Sasha R. X. Dall, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Exeter, UK e-mail: [email protected] The study of animal personality variation promises to provide significant new insight into the way that behavior evolves in animals, along with its ecological and evolutio...

Most non-economists would question whether economists know anything about culture. Indeed, given some faculty meetings I’ve been through, I imagine they might go so far as to say economists are uncultured. Although the second sentiment probably does go too far, there is certainly merit to the first. In particular, with a few exceptions (notably Kreps, 1990; Crémer, 1993; Lazear, 1995; Hodgson, ...

Timothy Williamson’s Modal Logic as Metaphysics is, among much else, a detailed and complex defense of the metaphysical view he calls necessitism, the view that necessarily everything necessarily exists (is something), that although it may be a contingent matter how things are, what things there are is entirely a matter of necessity. The majority of contemporary modal metaphysicians reject this...

Many seemingly paradoxical effects are known in the predictions for outcomes of intermediate measurements made on pre- and post-selected quantum systems. Despite appearances, these effects do not demonstrate the impossibility of a noncontextual hidden variable theory, since an explanation in terms of measurement disturbance is possible. Nonetheless, we show that for every paradoxical effect whe...