Cuticular waxes act as a protective barrier against environmental stresses. In the present study, we investigated developmental and genotypic variation in wax formation of cabbage lines, with a view to understand the related morphology, genetics and biochemistry. Our studies revealed that the relative expression levels of wax biosynthetic genes in the first-formed leaf of the highest-wax line r...

Wrapper feature selection approaches are widely used to select a small subset of relevant features from a dataset. However, Wrappers suffer from the fact that they only use a single classifier when selecting the features. The problem of using a single classifier is that each classifier is of a different nature and will have its own biases. This means that each classifier will select different f...

To assess the effect of micro-organisms on the reduction of wax appearance temperature (WAT) of waxy crude oil, some appropriate strains were obtained from contaminated samples exposed to hydrocarbon compounds for a long time. By conducting some screening tests, four strains were chosen and aerated in a bioreactor; they were then grown in some hydrocarbon environments in order to produce biolog...

Montan wax origins from ancient plant which leads a long and slow way towards becoming lignite thousands of years ago, their composition is very complex. Crude montan wax is obtained after organic solvent extraction from lignite, then deresined wax is acquired by cooling the extracted solvent toluene, last refined wax called S wax could be made after a series oxidation process, which can be use...

In the era of industry 5.0, digital twins (DTs) play an increasingly pivotal role in contemporary society. Despite literature’s lack a consistent definition, DTs have been applied to numerous areas as virtual replicas physical objects, machines, or systems, particularly manufacturing, production, and operations. One major advantages is their ability supervise system’s evolution run simulations,...

Heavy organics deposition is a common problem in oil industry, especially in oil production, transportation and processing. Wax or solid paraffin series are examples of heavy organics that deposit. Precipitation and crystallization of wax causes major difficulties in different processes. Based on multi-solid theory, a basic model is modified in this paper for wax precipitation in different oils...

Background: Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm (NIFTP), Well differantiated thyroid tumor with uncertain malignity potential (WDT-UMP), follicular (FT-UMP), and Hurtle cell neoplasia (HCN-UMP) have been included in the classification of tumors by WHO, incidence cancer increasing every passing year. There is no consensus regarding follow-up treatment processes these tumors. Our study aims t...

In order to study the effects of pore structure and size porous carrier material on phase transformation behavior composite change materials (CPCMs), sizes three different expanded graphites (EGs) (50, 80, 100 mesh) were studied using N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms scanning electron microscopy. Then, thermal characterization CPCMs prepared with paraffin wax EGs tested differential calorimet...

Systemic crop protection products are commonly sprayed onto foliage, whereupon the active substances must penetrate into the leaves in order to become biologically active. Penetration of the plant cuticle is the rate-limiting step. The diffusion of organic non-electrolytes within cuticles is a purely physical process that can be described and analysed in the same way as is done for diffusion in...