For aperture color 3 s stimuli, the four unique hues, and at times the four (equally-balanced) binary hues, were measured for: (1) adapting white color temperatures 2850, 3400, 5500, 6500 K; and (2) luminance (L) for 5 and 6 log L ranges (about 0.01-3200 cd/m2) in 3.2:1 L steps (viewed singly) for 1 subject per white, 3 log L in 10:1 steps for 6 subjects for white 6500 K, and 1 log L for 2-11 s...

We utilize numerical simulations based on the discrete dipole approximation to study the effects of surfacestress-driven lattice contraction on the extinction spectra of silver nanowires with a square cross section of length 2 nm. The novel finding of the present work is the determination that the blue shift that is induced in the silver nanowires due to surface-stress-driven lattice contractio...

We investigate collective modes in three dimensional (3D) gapless multi-Weyl semimetals with anisotropic energy band dispersions (i.e., with a positive integer J). For comparison, we also consider the gapless semimetals with the isotropic band dispersions (i.e. E ~ kJ). We calculate analytically long-wavelength plasma frequencies incorporating interband transitions and chiral properties of carr...

In an optical interconnect circuit, microring resonators (MRRs) are commonly used in wavelength division multiplexing systems. To make the MRR and laser synchronized, the resonance wavelength of the MRR needs to be thermally controlled, and the power consumption becomes significant with a high-channel count. Here, we demonstrate an athermally synchronized rare-earth-doped laser and MRR. The las...

This study presents the modelling, simulation, and characterization of the Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) on maximum reflectivity, bandwidth, the effect of applied strain to the wavelength shift, ŽB and sensitivity of the wavelength shift with strain for optical sensing system. In this study, a commercial FBG with the center wavelength of 1550nm is used in order to measure the spectral response of F...

We demonstrate four wave mixing (FWM) based wavelength conversion of 40 Gbaud differential phase shift keyed (DPSK) and quadrature phase shift keyed (QPSK) signals in a 2.5 cm long silicon germanium waveguide. For a 290 mW pump power, bit error ratio (BER) measurements show approximately a 2-dB power penalty in both cases of DPSK (measured at a BER of 10(-9)) and QPSK (at a BER of 10(-3)) signa...

A FBG-based pump-phase-shifter is used in the Raman-assisted PSA. By actively tuning the FBG central-wavelength to enable pump phase optimization, up-to-5.6dB signal gain is observed. An improvement of ~6% EVM and ~4dB system sensitivity is observed by 20/25-Gbaud QPSK signals. Introduction Capacity upgrade utilizing higher level modulation formats such as 64QAM and 256QAM has been studied aggr...