Calcium (Ca²⁺) waves provide a complement to neuronal electrical signaling, forming a key part of a neuron's second messenger system. We developed a reaction-diffusion model of an apical dendrite with diffusible inositol triphosphate (IP₃), diffusible Ca²⁺, IP₃ receptors (IP₃Rs), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca²⁺ leak, and ER pump (SERCA) on ER. Ca²⁺ is released from ER stores via IP₃Rs upon bind...

Increased wave reflection is an independent factor associated with cardiovascular diseases, risk, and mortality. The influence of the menstrual cycle on wave reflections and particularly on the reproducibility of their measurement has never been examined. The aim of the present study was to examine the reproducibility and variability of wave reflection indices in premenopausal healthy women dur...

The reflection coefficients and inertial end corrections of several duct terminations, including finite length duct extensions perpendicular to an infinite wall, as well as at a number of angles, curved interface surfaces, and annular cavities, are determined and analyzed in the absence of flow by employing the boundary element method. Predictions for the classical unflanged and flanged circula...

A self-consistent analytical approach for specular x-ray reflection from interfaces with transition layers I. D. Feranchuk et al., Phys. Rev. B 67, 235417 2003 based on the distorted-wave Born approximation DWBA is used for the description of coherent and incoherent x-ray scattering from rough surfaces and interfaces. This approach takes into account the transformation of the modeling transitio...

Placement of a scatter cone at the center of the secondary of a Cassegrain telescope greatly reduces Nareissus reflection. To calculate the remaining Narcissus reflection, a time-consuming physical optics code/such as GRASP8 is often used to model the effects of reflection and diffraction. Fortunately, the Cassegrain geometry is sufficiently simple that a combination of theoretical analysis and...

Sommerfeld, and, since then, other ways of deriving the theory have been given,.> > s each bringing out some special feature of the problem. It is the object of this paper to present yet another point of view, which promises to be of practical importance for dealing with situations where the path of propagation lies partly over land and partly over sea. When first approaching the problem of rad...

Aortic systolic and pulse pressure rise with age because of aortic stiffening. Two factors are responsible: a larger incident wave because of increased aortic characteristic impedance and premature return of wave reflection from peripheral sites. This study aimed to determine the relative contribution of each factor before and after age 60 years. Aortic pressure waveforms were generated for 368...