It is more common to introduce the parapet/recurve/wave return wall over existing structure, such as a vertical seawall or composite reduce overtopping efficiently. The advantage of recurve on top sea has been studied in past regards wave interaction and overtopping. However, their efficiency protecting inland structure during extreme events flooding tsunami unexplored. present study addresses ...

Wave overtopping, mainly caused by growing coastal erosion processes, directly affects populations, causing flooding and potential damages. This work aims to develop the relationship between overtopping phenomena their impact costs through an approach that considers wave runup, corresponding events, flow volume related costs. Herewith, it is possible evaluate structure construction maintenance ...

The amount of wave overtopping at coastal structures such as vertical caisson breakwaters is strongly dependent on the angle attack. reducing effects oblique waves compared to perpendicular attack has been studied by means three-dimensional basin tests. In these physical model tests breakwater exposed conditions with angles between and very (i.e. 0°–75° in steps 15°). Short-crested long-crested...