A dynamic water allocation framework for a multipurpose, single reservoir is formulated to utilize climate information based reservoir inflow forecasts to quantify the reliability of use for the given demand. Based on the semi-parametric approach of De Souza and Lall [2003], 12 months lead retrospective reservoir inflow forecasts were developed for the period July 1990June 2000 for the Oros res...

Low-income households spend a substantial share of their income on utility services such as electricity, heating and water. The difficulty these socially vulnerable consumers have in affording further tariff increases is often used as an argument against tariff reform. However, detailed information on the utility expenditures of different consumer groups and the affordability implications of ta...

Abstract During the operation of a boiler in power plant, water wall tube burst and leaked. In order to find out reason rupture, comprehensive experimental study was made on sample with macro morphology, chemical composition, metallography, SEM EDS. The results show that due high sulfur content combustion medium boiler, large amount sulfate containing elements will deposit outer during long-ter...

conclusions although the two instruments were able to discriminate between various states, the values derived from these instruments were quite different. this distinction could have influenced the conclusions of an economic evaluation. further research is required to determine which instrument should be used in economic evaluations. results the mean and median eq-5d utility scores for the tota...

Utilities account for a significant portion of the fixed cost associated with running a petrochemical plant, however, utility optimisation has not received much focus until recently. This change was driven by rising energy prices, stricter environmental policies, and the threat of climate change. Several utilities are used including steam, compressed air, nitrogen, cooling water, refrigeration ...

This paper presents the development of a new systematic technique for the retrofit of water network with regeneration based on water pinch analysis. The procedure consists of two parts: retrofit targeting and design for a water network with regeneration unit(s). In the targeting stage, retrofit targets (utility savings and capital investment) were determined for a range of process parameters (t...