In this review we present an update on maternal exposure to nitrates in drinking water in relation to possible adverse reproductive and developmental effects, and also discuss nitrates in drinking water in the United States. The current standard for nitrates in drinking water is based on retrospective studies and approximates a level that protects infants from methemoglobinemia, but no safety f...

This paper examines the recent emerging informal Water Users Groups (WUGs) on the Ferghana Valley for managing of the water at the former collective farm level and potential for strengthening of the weak Water Users Associations (WUAs) through replication of WUGs formation. Due to the collapse of the Soviet Union, Central Asian states have introduced reforms in different sectors including the w...

The purpose of this research was identified barriers to the successof water users' cooperatives in Dashte Azadegan and Hoveyzeh Townships, Khuzestan Province, Iran. This research was an applied study and the research method was descriptive. Members of water users' cooperatives considered as statistical population. The sample size was 256 farmers based on Krejcie & Morgan table. After designing ...

The article examines the history of creation and activity association users «MIR» line computers in 1960 – 1970, which was first USSR. Computers series were developed under leadership academician Glushkov at Institute Cybernetics Academy Sciences Ukrainian SSR. For machines, audacious task set to make machine (mathematical) language as close possible human language. Thus, not only a programmer ...