Consider the problem stated at the beginning of section 4.5, which involves choosing the distribution of posteriors F that maximizes (1 − α) 1 0 w(π) 1 − π 1 − π0 dF (π) expected surplus claimed by L +α 1 0 w(π) π π0 dF (π) expected surplus claimed by H −c 1 0 w(π) π π0 − 1 − π 1 − π0 dF (π) gap between expected surplus claimed by L and H 1 0 w(π) π π 0 − 1 − π 1 − π 0 dF (π) ≤ C(¯ m|L). To mak...

Agriculture accounts for most of the renewable freshwater resource withdrawals in Malawi, yet food insecurity and water scarcity remain as major challenges. Despite Malawi’s vast water resources, climate change, coupled with increasing population and urbanisation are contributing to increasing water scarcity. Improving crop water productivity has been identified as a possible solution to water ...

Poor communities sometimes resist private investment and destroy economic surplus even if the government has the willingness and ability to redistribute. We interpret such acts of resistance as demands for redistribution: Destruction contains credible information about how affected groups value surplus, which helps the government in implementing the optimal redistribution policy. Destruction is...

An examination of the economic impacts of the diagnosis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae on grower/finisher swine operations indicated that reduced pork production, associated with the diagnosis of A. pleuropneumoniae on the operation, diminished consumer surplus by $53+/-52 million, and resulted in a total loss of $32+/-30 million to the US economy in 1995. Most of the economic surplus lost ...

We compared serological responses to Cryptosporidium parvum antigens using surplus sera from females undergoing routine screening for pregnancy from three counties in Hungary where bank-filtered surface water, conventionally filtered and disinfected surface water, and groundwater from either a karst or confined aquifer are commonly used for drinking water. The primary purpose was to determine w...

Given the finite nature of global phosphorus (P) resources, there is an increasing concern about balancing agronomic and environmental impacts from P usage on dairy farms. Data from a 3-year (2009-2011) survey were used to assess farm-gate P balances and P use efficiency (PUE) on 21 intensive grass-based dairy farms operating under the good agricultural practice (GAP) regulations in Ireland. Me...

This report is an e ort to consolidate two di erent avors of a surplus inventory matching problem encountered in the steel industry: Surplus Un nished Inventory Matching, and Surplus Finished Inventory Matching. This report is compiled from two other reports that describe the heuristic solution approaches developed for a real world application of these problems [1, 2]. The focus here is to moti...

We modify the compound Poisson surplus model for an insurer by including liquid reserves and interest on the surplus. When the surplus of an insurer is below a fixed level, the surplus is kept as liquid reserves, which do not earn interest. When the surplus attains the level, the excess of the surplus over the level will receive interest at a constant rate. If the level goes to infinity, the mo...

Homeostatic systems for essential and non-essential metals create the cellular environments in which the correct metals are acquired by metalloproteins while the incorrect ones are somehow avoided. Cyanobacteria have metal requirements often absent from other bacteria; copper in thylakoidal plastocyanin, zinc in carboxysomal carbonic anhydrase, cobalt in cobalamin but magnesium in chlorophyll, ...

Historical and future drought surplus periods in the Colorado River basin are evaluated based on eight climate scenarios. Unimpaired streamflow from 17 stations U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Reclamation, Coupled Modeled Intercomparison Projection 5 downscaled data 1950–2099. Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 8.5 emission scenarios considered for four models (HadGEM2-ES, CNRM-CM...