Sustainability of rural water supply programs in developing countries is still an elusive goal. It is widely accepted that as a rule they have failed to deliver benefits to society in the long run. Emphasis has frequently been given on the short-term activities. Fast production of new schemes is thus a common strategy, prioritizing the engineering component, while sidestepping social and partic...

Modern life depends increasingly on the availability at all times of services and products provided by technological systems. Many areas, such as communication systems, water supply, power grids, urban transport systems are now completely automated. For such systems, the consequences of faults in component systems can be catastrophic. Reliability of such systems can be increased by ensuring tha...

This paper looks at issues associated with estimating risk of seismically initiated failure (uncontrolled release of the reservoir) of dams that are co-located with respect to each other and the location of future earthquakes. These may be dams on the same river or dams regionally co-located on different rivers. Failure of one or more dams could lead to serial dam failures on a single river; or...

The paper is aimed at providing evidence on economic efficiency, and equity of distribution of domestic water services in the West Bank. The study utilizes the CVM as a means of monetizing public preferences and households’ WTP. In the CVM questionnaire, the dichotomous choice with follow-up debriefing questions format is followed by an open-ended follow-up question was undertaken. A second que...

Salinisation is a major environmental problem affecting land and water systems in Australia. This paper outlines a study currently being undertaken to provide a new tool to manage salinity from environmental and socioeconomic perspectives. In this study, biophysical and socio-economic aspects of the Little River Catchment and their relevance to salinity management will be investigated using a B...

[1] The high demand for water, the recent multiyear drought (1999–2007), and projections of global warming have raised questions about the long-term sustainability of water supply in the southwestern United States. In this study, the potential effects of specific levels of atmospheric warming on water-year streamflow in the Colorado River basin are evaluated using a water-balance model, and the...

abstract in order to evaluate crop water stress index (cwsi) and canopy temperature of wheat cultivars under terminal drought stress, a field experiment was conducted at the agricultural research station of shiraz university, shiraz, during 2009 growing season. five wheat cultivars including shiraz, bahar, pishtaz, sistan and yavaros and four levels of water regime including well watering [irr...

background: corrosivity is one of the factors affecting the water quality. not controlling the chemical quality of water in the distribution network causes corrosion, sedimentation and economical and health damages. the aim of this study was to determine the drinking water corrosivity and sediment of kuhdasht, iran by using the corrosivity index. methods: in this study, 12 predetermined areas l...

Transport and supply water networks are two types of systems which have received a significant amount of attention in the recent years. Issues on how to obtain the best performance for a given transport or supply water systems, or how to coordinate interactions between them are still open and need more research. This chapter presents a hierarchical Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme with a s...