The existence of aquatic weeds in waterways causes several major problems. Some of them are the obstruction of water flow and navigation, island formation, increase of water losses due to evapotranspiration, and difficulty of water arrival to canal ends. This paper aims to discuss the resulting velocity profile changes due to aquatic weeds. Also, it examines the effect of such weeds on the chan...

Increased consumption of fresh vegetables that are high in polyphenols has been associated with a reduced risk of oxidative stress-induced disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of spinach in vitro and in vivo in hyperlipidemic rats. For measurement of in vitro antioxidant activity, spinach was subjected to hot water extraction (WE) or ethanol extraction (EE) and e...

Background: The cultivation of red spinach in urban farming is expected to meet the needs people areas for vegetable consumption. It feared that using contaminated river water irrigation will reduce nutritional value plants. purpose this study was determine effect filtration on content Red Spinach plants (Amaranthus tricolor L).
 Methods: This an experimental with a post test control group...

insects with over 30,000 aquatic species are known as very successful arthropods in freshwater habitats. some of them are applied as biological indicators for water quality control, as well as the main food supply for fishes and amphibians. the faunistic studies are the basic step in entomological researches; the current study was carried out emphasizing on the fauna of aquatic insects in karaj...

The performances of support vector machine (SVM) and linear discrimination analysis (LDA) for detecting pesticide on spinach leaf were investigated. Fluorescence images of spinach leaves without any treatment, treated with pure water and methamidophos solution were taken under 561 different wavelength conditions to acquire hyperspectral excitation-emission matrix (EEM) data. Then LDA and SVM we...

To find aquatic organisms in tree resin may seem to be highly unlikely, but the fossil record provides numerous amber-preserved limnetic arthropods (e.g., water beetles, water striders, and crustaceans) and microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, algae, ciliates, testate amoebae, and rotifers). Here we explain the frequently discussed process of embedding aquatic organisms in tree resin based on field ...

Aquatic hypercapnia may have helped to drive ancestral vertebrate invasion of land. We tested the hypothesis that amphibious fishes sense and respond to elevated aquatic PCO2 by behavioural avoidance mechanisms, and by morphological changes at the chemoreceptor level. Mangrove rivulus (Kryptolebias marmoratus) were exposed to 1 week of normocapnic control water (pH 8), air, hypercapnia (5% CO2,...

Several studies suggested that plasma-activated water (PAW) increases crop yields and confronts drought. This study determined the total phenolic (TP) flavonoid (TF) contents of spinach to elucidate whether PAW induced changes in antioxidant potential planted soil with without metal contaminants. was selected as irrigation for pot experiments. Results showed increased TP any contaminants and, s...

Viral diseases occur wherever sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is cultivated and because this crop is vegetatively propagated, accumulation and perpetuation of viruses can become a major constraint for production. Up to 90% reductions in yield have been reported in association with viral infections. About 20 officially accepted or tentative virus species have been found in sweet potato and other ...