Acyclic flow networks, present in many infrastructures of national importance (e.g., oil & gas and water distribution systems), have been attracting immense research interest. Existing solutions for detecting and locating attacks against these infrastructures, have been proven costly and imprecise, especially when dealing with large scale distribution systems. In this paper, to the best of our ...

Infrastructure” is defined as “the basic facilities, services, and installations needed for the functioning of a community or society, such as transportation and communications systems, water and power lines, and public institutions.” Societies invest in infrastructure to meet their current and future needs and thus infrastructure reflects the evolution of technology from simpler to more comple...

high concentration of nitrate is a prevalent problem in water resources. untreated wastewater due to municipal, industrial and agricultural activities is the main potential source of nitrate contamination of groundwater and surface water. the maximum permissible level of nitrate concentration has been established to be 45 mg/l by who and us–epa. health problems, such as methemoglobinemia in bab...

Networked Infrastructure systems deliver services and/or products from point to point along the network. Demand for the services provided by such systems is typically cyclic, creating inefficiencies in capacity utilization. Congestion pricing provides incentives to shift demand from peak time periods to lower demand periods. This effectively increases the capacity of the system without the need...

As the supply of desalinated water becomes significant in many countries, the reliable long-term operation of desalination infrastructure becomes paramount. As it is not realistic to build desalination systems with components that never fail, instead the system should be designed with more resilience. To answer the question how resilient the system should be, we present in this paper a quantita...

Drinking water quality deteriorates during transportation through drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). Microbial activity and ecology, particularly within biofilms that occur on the inner-pipe surface of DWDS, are emerging as important drivers in the degradation process. Yet, we have little real-world applicable understanding of the DWDS biofilms. This paper provides a critical discussio...

The prevalence of aging infrastructure and an increase in cascading failures have highlighted the need to focus on building strong, interdependent infrastructure systems to increase resilience. To understand the ways infrastructure systems depend on one another, we define three comprehensive interdependency types – service provision, geographic, and access for repair. We propose a methodology t...

Much of our technological infrastructure (traffic, electricity, telephone, water) operates on networks. Many of the phenomena on infrastructure networks display spatio-temporal structure. For example, traffic congestion only occurs at certain places and times; electricity is most used on very cold or very hot days, and in specific neighborhoods; telephone networks are heavily used on special da...