introduction: in the present study, dealing with water deficit challenges for gorgan river basin has been considered. golestan province's economy is dependent on agriculture but the occurrence of drought periods reduced the agricultural production and consequently the region's economy is in crisis. therefore, performing studies for programming and management of the water resources of the provin...

This inequality is especially critical for Asia, which has 60% of the world’s population but only 36% of the world’s water. Water quality in terms of pollutant loading also is not distributed equally and is related to the type of use and a country’s level of development (Figure 2). Developing countries often have less capacity to improve water quality and depend on lower-quality water for a var...

The number of breakthrough pathogenic activity in water distribution network system is constantly increasing day by day especially at level of consumption. Bacterial growth or survival rate often relates to acidity and alkalinity of water. Sudden changes in pH value and temperature indicates a possibility of present bacterial contaminant in aqueous environment. The observation of pH- and temper...

water is the most important factor for agriculture development in iran. accordingly the optimal consumptione of water is very important. using pressurized irrigation system is one of the methods to improve agricultural water management. the objecttives of this research were to compare two irrigation methods of furrow and trickle irrigation systems impacts on quantity and quality characters of s...

BACKGROUND Water distribution systems are vulnerable to performance deficiencies that can cause (re)contamination of treated water and plausibly lead to increased risk of gastrointestinal illness (GII) in consumers. OBJECTIVES It is well established that large system disruptions in piped water networks can cause GII outbreaks. We hypothesized that routine network problems can also contribute ...