Due to the high price of virgin vegetable oils and the drawbacks of the homogeneous catalytic transesterification, in this work an economically profitable alternative process was proposed for biodiesel synthesis in which transesterification of the low-cost waste cooking oil (WCO) with methanol in a heterogeneous system was done. Alumina impregnated with sodium hydroxide was utilized as a solid ...

Waste fat produced by tanneries during the processes in which raw hide is transformed into leather represents a very important raw material for biodiesel production. However, the acid number of this feedstock usually exceeds 2 mg KOH/g, which makes it unsuitable for direct processing into biodiesel via alkali-catalyzed transesterification. An effective and economically viable pre-treatment meth...

The aim of this work was to study the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of a 5.5 kW four-stroke single-cylinder water-cooled direct-injection diesel engine operated with blends of biodiesel-like fuel (BLF15, BLF20 & BLF25) obtained from a 50:50 mixture of transesterified waste transformer oil (TWTO) and waste canola oil methyl esters (WCOME) with petroleum diesel. The mixtur...

Worldwide energy crisis forced the researchers to explore for new and alternate sources of energy. For the developing countries this problems are acute. Generation of any kind of waste is a problem to the environment. Some wastes have the characteristics of producing energy by different thermochemical conversion. In the present work, waste tires were pyrolysed in a fixed bed reactor. The influe...

The exploration of cucumber waste as a potential biorefinery feedstock is reported. Initially, extractives (essential oils) were isolated from via vacuum microwave hydro-distillation (VMHD). yield and quality the extractive compared with respect to traditional (HD). essential oils obtained over range power (500, 750, 1000 W) pressures (100, 200, 300 mbar). highest (0.49 wt %) was at irradiation...

The feasibility of using epoxidized waste cooking oils as a partial replacement for synthetic resins in the manufacture lignocellulosic composites where reinforcement is comprised mechanically ground wood from civil construction (CCWW) was investigated. For this study, wood-epoxy composite prepared thermo-curing technique, and particle contents 20 30% (m/m) were studied with matrix 50% vegetabl...

BACKGROUND The use of agricultural and food by-products is an economical solution to industrial biotechnology. The apricot press residues are abounding by-products from juice industry which can be used as substrates in solid state fermentation process (SSF), thus allowing a liberation and increase of content from various biomolecules with high added value. METHODS The evolutions of phenolic l...

Rising world fuel prices, the growing demand for energy, and concerns about global warming are the key factors driving renewed interest in renewable energy sources and in bioenergy. Nowadays, the world energy demand has increased significantly due to the global industrialization and increase of population. As a result, the current limited reservoirs will soon be depleted at the current rate of ...

Waste generated in the agri-food sector is a potential source of biomass and other products high added value. In this work, pyrolysis orange waste pruning was carried out to produce adsorbent biochars characterise bio-oils aiming for high-added-value compounds. Pyrolysis vertical tubular furnace on laboratory scale modifying temperature (400–600 °C), heating ramp (5–20 °C·min?1) reach previous ...