In this study, we explored the pathogenic effects of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and effects of yeast cell wall in the red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus, by investigating the activity of enzymes related to innate immune function following artificial infection of immunized and non-immunized crayfish. Our results reveal that the activity of four enzymes, phenoloxidase (PO), peroxidas...

In this study, we explored the pathogenic effects of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and effects of yeast cell wall in the red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus, by investigating the activity of enzymes related to innate immune function following artificial infection of immunized and non-immunized crayfish. Our results reveal that the activity of four enzymes, phenoloxidase (PO), peroxidas...

Abstract A conditioned stochastic process can display a very different behavior from the unconditioned process. In particular, exhibit non-Gaussian fluctuations even if is Gaussian. this work, we revisit Ferrari–Spohn model of Brownian bridge to avoid moving wall, which pushes system into large-deviation regime. We extend an arbitrary number N non-crossing bridges. obtain joint distribution dis...

Abstract A class of domain-wall-like solutions of the Skyrme model is obtained analytically. They are described by the tangent hyperbolic function, which is a special limit of the Weierstrass ℘ function. The behavior of one of the two terms in the static energy density is like that of a domain wall. The other term in the static energy density does not vanish but becomes constant at the points f...

laparoscopic surgery is now an integral part of the operative repertoire. single-incision laparoscopic surgery (sils) is a new technique developed for performing operations without a visible scar. pneumoperitoneum, as a necessary precondition of laparoscopic procedures, represents the restriction of the surgeon's freedom of movement and can lead to rare but typical complications. the single inc...

hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease that is common in the mediterranean region. thoracic wall, rib or extrapulmonary intrathoracic localization of the cysts is very rare. giant extrapulmonary intrathoracic hydatid cysts can lead to both diagnostic and treatment difficulties and can be confused with tumor. we present a case of a hydatid cyst with thoracic wall involvement mimicking tumor. we conf...