In a hydraulic jump, the turbulent flow region between the upstream supercritical flow and downstream subcritical flow is called the jump roller. The turbulence development in the jump roller leads to substantial energy dissipation as well as free-surface fluctuations, oscillations of jump position, air entrainment and unstationary velocity field. The time scales of these motions cover a broad ...

A study of void and helium sHed bubble stability in amorphous silicon sa-Sid subjected to heavy-ion bombardment was conducted with molecular dynamics simulations. The effects of incident ion energy, incident ion direction, and He pressure were investigated. He bubbles with pressures equal to or greater than 0.1 kbar were found to be stable during isotropic 2 keV xenon sXed irradiation. Bubbles ...

Abstract: The study analyzes the flow over bottom racks made of longitudinal T-shaped bars. A clear water flow is considered in a laboratory flume. Free surface profiles, wetted rack lengths, and discharge coefficients are measured, changing parameters such as longitudinal slope, void ratio, and approaching flow. The present work complements existing experimental studies, considering the influe...

The two-phase theory for compaction and damage employs a nonequilibrium relation between interfacial surface energy, pressure, and viscous deformation, thereby providing a model for damage (void generation and microcracking) and a continuum description of weakening, failure, and shear localization. Here we examine the application of this theory to the problem of generating platelike behavior fr...

in various legal systems, with adoption of the validity of exclusion clause as a rule, in the exceptional instances for the reason of social importance of the matter and contrary to the public policy, exclusion clause is void. thus, in the case of death; bodily injuries; deliberated breach of contract or legal duty ;gross negligence and deception imputed to party relying to exclusion clause, it...

Two distinct mechanisms of crack initiation and advance by void growth have been identified in the literature on the mechanics of ductile fracture. One is the interaction a single void with the crack tip characterizing initiation and the subsequent void by void advance of the tip. This mechanism is represented by the early model of Rice and Johnson and the subsequent more detailed numerical com...

Gas assisted atomization is becoming increasingly important in many industrial applications such as physical, chemical and petroleum processes. In order to achieve proper atomization it is crucial to have proper mixing of gas (air) and liquid (water) in the feeding conduit before it enters into the nozzle. The flow regime, as well as the flow pattern and structure of the flow, are some of the i...