OBJECTIVE DNA biobanks linked to comprehensive electronic health records systems are potentially powerful resources for pharmacogenetic studies. This study sought to develop natural-language-processing algorithms to extract drug-dose information from clinical text, and to assess the capabilities of such tools to automate the data-extraction process for pharmacogenetic studies. MATERIALS AND M...

Several genome-wide association studies have been performed on warfarin. For acenocoumarol, the most frequently used coumarin in many countries worldwide, pharmacodynamic influences are expected to be comparable. Pharmacokinetics however might differ. We aimed to confirm known or identify new genetic variants contributing to interindividual variation on stabilized acenocoumarol dosage by a GWAS...

OBJECTIVES As the most frequently prescribed anticoagulant, warfarin has large inter-individual variability in dosage. Genetic polymorphisms could largely explain the differences in dosage requirement. rs9923231 (VKORC1), rs7294 (VKORC1), rs1057910 (CYP2C9), rs2108622 (CYP4F2), and rs699664 (GGCX) involved in the warfarin action mechanism and the circulatory vitamin K were selected to investiga...

Warfarin dosing algorithms adjust for race, assigning a fixed effect size to each predictor, thereby attenuating the differential effect by race. Attenuation likely occurs in both race groups but may be more pronounced in the less-represented race group. Therefore, we evaluated whether the effect of clinical (age, body surface area [BSA], chronic kidney disease [CKD], and amiodarone use) and ge...

BACKGROUND AND AIM This study reports the prevalence of five clinically significant variants associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disorders, and variable responses of individuals to commonly prescribed cardiovascular drugs in a South Indian population from the state of Kerala. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genomic DNA isolated from 100 out-patient samples from Kerala were sequenced to exa...

AIMS Polymorphisms in CYP2C9 and VKORC1 influence patients' phenprocoumon (PHE) and acenocoumarol (ACE) dose requirements. To provide physicians with tools to estimate the patient's individual dose, we aimed to develop algorithms for PHE and ACE. METHODS AND RESULTS In two Dutch anticoagulation clinics, data on age, sex, height, weight, co-medication, coumarin derivative doses, and internatio...

BACKGROUND The polymorphisms of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 play increasingly important roles in the inter-individual variability in warfarin dose. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of clinical application of pharmacogenetic-based warfarin-dosing algorithm in patients of Han nationality with rheumatic heart disease after valve replacement in a randomized and controlled trial. METHODS One hun...

a case to illustrate the utility of genetic screening in warfarin (Coumadin®) management is reported. a 45 year-old woman of puerto rican ancestry was admitted to the emergency room twice within one month with chest pain. she was diagnosed with congestive heart failure, which was stabilized both times. at her second release, warfarin therapy was initiated at 5 mg/ day to prevent thrombus format...

Research has shown that there are significant ethnic variations in the frequency of highly functional mutations in genes coding for metabolic enzymes. However, few studies have examined the frequency distribution of major allelic variations within the population of Iran. The present study focused on the genotype profile of southern Iranians in order to compare the allelic frequencies of CYP2C9,...