The study comprises a systematic and quantitative evaluation of potential intrinsic and extrinsic factors that impact vitamin C degradation in a real food matrix. The supernatant of centrifuged apple purée was fortified in vitamin C, and degradation was followed without stirring. Model discrimination indicated better fit for the zero order model than the first order model which was hence chosen...

PURPOSE Elderly people are at risk for malnutrition, and those who consume a puréed diet may be particularly at risk. A fortification procedure was developed at a long-term care (LTC) facility, and nutrient intakes and serum vitamin levels were assessed to determine whether they subsequently increased. METHODS Fortification levels were determined using a combination of two techniques: the Die...

Micronutrient deficiencies occur frequently in refugee and displaced populations. These deficiency diseases include, in addition to the most common Fe and vitamin A deficiencies, scurvy (vitamin C deficiency), pellagra (niacin and/or tryptophan deficiency) and beriberi (thiamin deficiency), which are not seen frequently in non-emergency-affected populations. The main causes of the outbreaks hav...

In the UK vitamin B12 deficiency occurs in approximately 20% of adults aged >65 years. This incidence is significantly higher than that among the general population. The reported incidence invariably depends on the criteria of deficiency used, and in fact estimates rise to 24% and 46% among free-living and institutionalised elderly respectively when methylmalonic acid is used as a marker of vit...

The present study examined whether exposure to vitamin D from fortified margarine and milk during prenatal life influenced mean birth weight and the risk of high or low birth weight. The study was based on the Danish vitamin D fortification programme, which was a societal intervention with mandatory fortification of margarine during 1961-1985 and voluntary fortification of low-fat milk between ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of 17 weeks of physical exercise and micronutrient supplementation on the psychological wellbeing of 139 independently living, frail, elderly subjects (inactive, body mass index < or =25 or experiencing weight loss). METHODS Participants (mean (SD) age 78.5 (5.7)) were randomly assigned to: (a) comprehensive, moderate intensity, group exercise; (b) daily micro...

Background: Low vitamin D (vit D) serum levels have been linked to various diseases such as multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Maintenance of optimal vit D level should be supported by foods and supplements. Limited food sources of vit D made researchers focus on food fortification in recent years. Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials reporting th...

The second edition of The Dietary Guidelines for Americans was published in 1990 as a joint effort of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Dietary Guidelines for Americans 1990. Based on the Dietary Guidelines, a Food Guide Pyramid was constructed for educational purposes (The Food Guide Pyramid 1992). The principles underlying the Dietary Guid...

Preface —M. C. Latham, H. Mehansho, and F. S. Solon............................................................................... S65 Overview: Hidden hunger and the role of public-private partnership —M. C. Latham .......................... S67 Combating hidden hunger: The role of international agencies —N. Dalmiya and W. Schultink ............. S69 Vitamin A deficiency disorders in children ...

Autoimmunity has been associated with vitamin D deficiency and resistance, with gene polymorphisms related to vitamin D metabolism frequently described in affected patients. High doses of vitamin D3 may conceivably compensate for inherited resistance to its biological effects. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of prolonged high-dose vitamin D3 treatment of patients with psorias...