According to the perceptual symbols theory (Barsalou, 1999), sensorimotor simulations underlie the representation of concepts. We investigated whether recognition memory for pictures of concepts was facilitated by earlier representation of visual properties of those concepts. During study, concept names (e.g., apple) were presented in a property verification task with a visual property (e.g., s...

Three experiments measured serial position functions for character-in-string identification in peripheral vision. In Experiment 1, random strings of five letters (e.g., P F H T M) or five symbols (e.g., λ Б Þ Ψ ¥) were briefly presented to the left or to the right of fixation, and identification accuracy was measured at each position in the string using a post-cued two-alternative forced-choice...

Scientific documents contain tables that list important information in a concise fashion. Structure and content extraction from embedded within PDF research is very challenging task due to the existence of visual features like spanning cells mathematical symbols equations. Most existing table structure identification methods tend ignore these academic writing features. In this paper, we adapt t...

AIMS In order to establish normal values and interocular differences of visual acuity, Lea symbols were applied to neurologically and ophthalmologically normal children. METHODS 385 children (21-93 months old) were examined, within a routine check up in an urban paediatric practice where Lea symbol acuity (LS) was measured. Of these children, 90 were re-examined in hospital comparing Lea symb...

Aims: In order to establish normal values and interocular differences of visual acuity, Lea symbols were applied to neurologically and ophthalmologically normal children. Methods: 385 children (21–93 months old) were examined, within a routine check up in an urban paediatric practice where Lea symbol acuity (LS) was measured. Of these children, 90 were re-examined in hospital comparing Lea symb...

Alongside with the visual symbols of status and identity in the late modernity, the bodies have become converting to express symbol of identity and personality. Body care and supervision provide this opportunity for individuals to keep a clear narrative of their identity and put it watching others. This research has been done with the aim of investigating the relationship between body managemen...

It has been proposed that letters, as opposed to symbols, trigger specialized crowding processes, boosting identification of the first and last letters of words. This hypothesis is based on evidence that single-letter accuracy as a function of within-string position has a W shape (the classic serial position function [SPF] in psycholinguistics) whereas an inverted V shape is obtained when measu...

The problem of how abstract symbols, such as those in systems of natural language, may be grounded in perceptual information presents a significant challenge to several areas of research. This paper presents the GLIDES model, a neural network architecture that shows how this symbol-grounding problem can be solved through learned relationships between simple visual scenes and linguistic descript...

there is no doubt that colors are important factors in creating arts including poetry. the poets use them because of their visual beauties to show their hidden values. sometimes they go further – beyond the external features – ad use colors as symbols to express their own meaning. moreover, modern poet’s deep insight and vision are the main causes to change the colorful portrait to a bright won...