نتایج جستجو برای: viral threat
تعداد نتایج: 201915 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that emerged as a global threat following the most recent outbreak in Brazil in 2015. ZIKV infection of pregnant women is associated with fetal abnormalities such as microcephaly, and infection of adults can lead to Guillain-Barré syndrome, an autoimmune disease characterized by neurological deficits. Although there are currently licensed vaccine...
The West African sub-continent is currently experiencing its first, and ironically, the largest and longest Ebola viral diseases (EVD) outbreak ever documented in modern medical history. The current outbreak is significant in several ways, including longevity, magnitude of morbidity and mortality, occurrence outside the traditional niches, rapid spread and potential of becoming a global health ...
In the last 5 years our laboratory has refined the RT-PCR test for ASBVd detection in avocado and succeeded in having this test approved for registration of foundation stock trees by CDFA (Mathews et al., 1997). Several other researchers as well as many growers have had their plants tested by our laboratory which has helped to prevent the distribution of infected sources of plant material as we...
Infections with monkeypox, cowpox and weaponized variola virus remain a threat to the increasingly unvaccinated human population, but little is known about their mechanisms of virulence and immune evasion. We now demonstrate that B22 proteins, encoded by the largest genes of these viruses, render human T cells unresponsive to stimulation of the T cell receptor by MHC-dependent antigen presentat...
The last 40 years have seen the development of several antiviral drugs with therapeutic value in treating life-threatening or debilitating diseases such as those caused by HIV, hepatitis B virus, herpesviruses (such as herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus) and influenza virus. These relatively recent advances have been due to technical breakthroughs in the cultivation of viruses in t...
Viral pathogens are a major threat to rice production worldwide. Although RNA interference (RNAi) is known to mediate antiviral immunity in plant and animal models, the mechanism of antiviral RNAi in rice and other economically important crops is poorly understood. Here, we report that rice resistance to evolutionarily diverse viruses requires Argonaute18 (AGO18). Genetic studies reveal that th...
The heightened concerns about bioterrorism and the use of biowarfare agents have prompted substantial increased efforts towards the development of vaccines against a wide range of organisms, toxins, and viruses. An increasing variety of platforms and strategies have been analyzed for their potential as vaccines against these agents. DNA vectors, live-attenuated viruses and bacteria, recombinant...
The emergence of human-transmissible H5N1 avian influenza viruses poses a major pandemic threat. H5N1 viruses are thought to be highly genetically diverse both among and within hosts; however, the effects of this diversity on viral replication and transmission are poorly understood. Here we use deep sequencing to investigate the impact of within-host viral variation on adaptation and transmissi...
The best way to combat influenza virus infection is to prevent it. However, the continual evolution of circulating influenza virus strains and the constant threat of newly emerging viruses forces the public health community to annually update seasonal influenza vaccines while stockpiling potential pandemic virus vaccines. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a "universal" influenza vaccine ...
Waterborne transmitted viruses pose a public health threat due to their stability in aquatic environment and the easy transmission with high morbidity rates at low infectious doses. Two major challenge of virus analysis include a lack of adequate information in infectivity and the inability to cultivate certain epidemiologically important viruses in vitro. The use of fluorescent probes in conju...
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