The first space very long baseline interferometry (SVLBI) mission—the VLBI Space Observatory Program (VSOP)—using an 8-m telescope in orbit, has been successfully operated since 1997, and several follow-on missions are in development or under discussion. The SVLBI missions are among the most complex space science missions to date in terms of operations and coordination of the disparate worldwid...

Analysis of over 20 years of very long baseline interferometry data (VLBI) yields estimates of the coefficients of the nutation series with standard deviations ranging from 5 micro-arc-seconds (mas) for the terms with periods less than 400-days to 38 mas for the longest period terms. The largest deviations between the VLBI estimates of the amplitudes of terms in the nutation series and the theo...

Studies of advanced space very long baseline interferometry (SVLBI) missions envision data rates as high as 8 Gb/s, but to accomplish such high-rate data transfer from the spacecraft to ground using digital downlinks requires high effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP), as well as complex and substantially advanced modulation and receiving techniques. For these reasons, analog signal transfe...

Assuming three-neutrino mixing, we study the capabilities of very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments to verify and test the MSW effect and to measure the lepton mixing angle θ13. We suppose that intense neutrino and antineutrino beams will become available in so–called neutrino factories. We find that the most promising and statistically significant results can be obtained by studyi...

Several proposed experiments will send beams of neutrinos through the Earth along paths with a source-receiver distance of hundreds or thousands of kilometers. Knowledge of the physical properties of the medium traversed by these beams, in particular the density, will be necessary in order to properly interpret the experimental data. Present geophysical knowledge allows the average density alon...