The house mouse, Mus musculus L., usually has twenty-six presacral vertebrae: these consist of seven cervical, thirteen thoracic and six lumbar vertebrae (Weber, 1950; Deol, 1958; Berry & Searle, 1963; Berry, 1964). The twenty-sixth vertebra is, however, sometimes abnormal, especially among laboratory mice: on one or both sides it may be fused with the sacrum. There are then five typical lumbar...

A 50-year-old male with a long standing history of compulsive Valsalva maneuvers, complaining of episodes of vertigo underwent head computed tomography. Axial CT slices at the level of the skull base (Fig. A) and the first cervical vertebrae (Fig. B) shows an extensive unusual pneumatization of both the body and lateral processes of the first cervical vertebrae (arrows), with air pouches dissec...

Tanytrachelos ahynis (n.gen., n. sp.) is a lepidosaur from the Late Triassic Dan River Group (Newark Supergroup) of North Carolina and Virginia. The new reptile has gracile proportions similar to Tanystropheus (Middle Triassic) and is referred to the family Tanystropheidae of the suborder Prolacertiformes. Unlike Tanystropheus, Tanytrachelos has relatively short cervical vertebrae bearing splin...

A 2-month-old male Japanese Black calf was presented with a 30-day history of progressive ataxia. Antemortem examination using computed tomography (CT) revealed narrowing of the disc spaces due to destruction of intervertebral structures between the first and second thoracic vertebrae and between the second and third thoracic vertebrae. Osteolysis was evident as irregular hypoattenuating lesion...

It has now become common practice to convert text, sound, images, and even videos into digital libraries. As these digital libraries from different resources are communicated and shared across computer networks, an important problem arises: how to efficiently interpret and extract useful information from the massive data for different users. Efficient content-based similarity retrieval in large...

INTRODUCTION: In many elderly people, one or more vertebrae lose height, especially anteriorly. Such anterior “wedge” deformities lead to senile kyphosis a condition that can cause pain, disability and loss of self-esteem. Metabolic processes weaken elderly bone, and altered load-sharing in the elderly spine causes mechanical damage to be concentrated in the anterior vertebral body (1). The res...