Introduction: Radiation therapy is one of the methods of cancer treatment. In this method, it is necessary to avoid harming the healthy tissues of the patient which is in the vicinity of the target, as much as possible. Treatment verification is one of the most important steps of radiation therapy which has two usual methods, using Port film and EPID. The accuracy and precision of treatment in ...

Over the last years, witness-based validation of verification results has become an established practice in software verification: An independent validator re-establishes a verifier using witnesses, which are stored standardized exchange format. In addition to validation, such exchangable information about proofs and alarms found by can be shared across tools, users apply third-party tools visu...

introduction: in this study, we intend to use diffuse optical tomography (dot) as a noninvasive, safe and low cost technique that can be considered as a functional imaging method and mention the importance of image reconstruction in accuracy and procession of image. one of the most important and fastest methods in image reconstruction is the boundary element method (bem). this method is introdu...