Hydrothermal vents are among the most fascinating environments that exist within modern oceans, being home to highly productive communities of specially-adapted fauna, supported by chemical energy emanating from Earth's subsurface. As hydrothermal have been a feature our planet since Hadean, their history is intricately weaved into life on Earth. Despite an overall scant fossil record due impro...

Bacillus alveayuensis strain 24KAM51 was isolated from a marine hydrothermal vent in Milos, Greece. Its genome depicts interesting features of halotolerance and resistance to heavy metals.

Lake Baikal is the deepest, oldest and most speciose ancient lake in the world. The lake is characterized by high levels of molluscan species richness and endemicity, including the limpet family Acroloxidae with 25 endemic species. Members of this group generally inhabit the littoral zone, but have been recently found in the abyssal zone at hydrothermal vents and oil-seeps. Here, we use mitocho...

Some of the most extreme environments where animals survive are associated with active vents and seeps in the deep sea. In addition to the extreme pressure, low temperatures, and lack of light that characterize the deep sea in general, a variety of other factors that are hostile to most animals prevail in these environments. Hydrothermal vent regions show extremes in temperature, areas of very ...

Upon their initial discovery, hydrothermal vents and methane seeps were considered to be related but distinct ecosystems, with different distributions, geomorphology, temperatures, geochemical properties and mostly different species. However, subsequently discovered vents and seep systems have blurred this distinction. Here, we report on a composite, hydrothermal seep ecosystem at a subducting ...

Volcan Santiaguito (Guatemala) “breathes” with extraordinary regularity as the edifice’s conduit system accumulates free gas, which periodically vents to the atmosphere. Periodic pressurization controls explosion timing, which nearly always occurs at peak inflation, as detected with tiltmeters. Tilt cycles in January 2012 reveal regular 26 ± 6min inflation/deflation cycles corresponding to at l...

Vol.13, No.1 | 2015 | hypothesisjournal.com ABSTRACT Experimental conditions were devised, imitating prebiotic conditions in hydrothermal vents, to examine the possible prebiotic role of free purine bases in the direct synthesis of amino acids. Hypoxanthine, the biochemical precursor of adenine and guanine, was able to capture nitrite ions and be reductively transformed into adenine. Transfer o...

Arecibo high-resolution (1.5 to 2 km) radar data of Venus for the area extending from Beta Regio to western Eisila Regio provide strong evidence that the mountains in Beta and Eisila Regiones and plains in and adjacent to Guinevere Planitia are of volcanic origin. Recognized styles of volcanism include large volcanic edifices on the Beta and Eisila rises related to regional structural trends, p...

Efficient turbulent entrainment causes otherwise dense volcanic jets to rise high into the atmosphere as buoyant plumes. Classical models suggest that the inflow of air is 10–15% of the axial velocity, giving predictions for the height of the plume and, in turn, the composition and structure of the resulting umbrella clouds. Crucially, entrainment is assumed independent of source geometry and m...

Vent opening hazard models are routinely used as inputs for assessing distal volcanic hazards (lava flows, tephra fallout) in distributed fields. These vent have traditionally relied on the location of mapped vents; seldom they taken into account how vents linked space and time. We show that needed to appropriately model fundamentally different than thoses required near-vent (ground deformation...