In recent years reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) has become increasingly recognized. It represents an uncommon entity related to multiple pathologies, the most common being hypertensive crisis. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism is proposed to be one of vasogenic edema, without infarction; however, differentiation from cytotoxic edema can be crucial for therapeu...

Anti-inflammatory therapies are the current most plausible drug candidates for anti-epileptogenesis and neuroprotection following prolonged seizures. Given that vasogenic edema is widely considered to be detrimental for outcome following status epilepticus, the anti-inflammatory agent dexamethasone is sometimes used in clinic for alleviating cerebral edema. In this study we perform longitudinal...

OBJECTIVE To report the clinical and radiologic findings in a case of transient minimally conscious state after rupture and coiling of a giant basilar aneurysm. DESIGN Case report. SETTING Neuroscience intensive care unit. PATIENT A 44-year-old man who developed a transient minimally conscious state in association with perianeurysmal edema in the rostral brainstem and thalamus after ruptu...

1 Meyer CN, Skinhoj P, Prag J. Bacteremia in HIV-positive and AIDS patients: incidence, species distribution, riskfactors, outcome, and influence of long-term prophylactic antibiotic treatment. Scand j Dis 1994; 26: 635-42. 2 Hickey MM, Shanson DC. Septicaemia in patients with and without AIDS at Westminster Hospital, London. _7 Infect 1993; 27: 243-50. 3 Sprung CL, Peduzzi PN, Shatney CH, et a...

Low attenuation of the cerebral white matter occurs with oedema and demyelination. When unilateral or asymmetrical it is usually due to a tumour, granuloma or abscess. The nidus responsible for the vasogenic oedema can be demonstrated after contrast enhancement. Bilateral demyelination occurs especially with viral infections such as herpes simplex encephalitis and progressive multifocal leukoen...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is damaged during ischemic insults such as traumatic brain injury or stroke. This contributes to vasogenic edema formation and deteriorate disease outcomes. Enormous efforts are pursued to understand underlying mechanisms of ischemic insults and develop novel therapeutic strategies. In the present study the effects of PPARα agonist WY-14643 were investigated to pre...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ultrasound-accelerated thrombolysis is a promising approach toward acute stroke treatment. In previous in vitro studies, we demonstrated enhanced thrombus destruction induced by 20-kHz ultrasound. However, little is known about biological interactions of low-frequency ultrasound with brain tissue. The aim of this in vivo MRI study was to assess safety aspects of transcran...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major mediator of angiogenesis and a strong vascular permeability factor. VEGF is known to open the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and induce cerebral edema. Experimental studies of VEGF antagonism have shown it reduces cerebral edema after ischemia, indicating its potential for prevention of secondary brain damage. We examined th...

We report two cases with adnexal torsion to assess the mechanism of very strong signal intensity in ovarian lesions on DW imaging using MR imaging such as T2*-weighted imaging. MR imaging findings of the cases suggest that the very strong signal intensity on DW imaging is contributed to cytotoxic edema with or without vasogenic edema, as well as oxyhemoglobin or extracellular methemoglobin.