Using continuum dynamic van der Waals theory in a radial 1D geometry with a Lennard-Jones fluid model, we investigate the nature of vapor bubble nucleation near a heated, nanoscale-curved convex interface. Vapor bubble nucleation and growth are observed for interfaces with sufficiently large radius of curvature while phase stabilization of a superheated fluid layer occurs at interfaces with sma...

Liquid droplets of argon surrounded by the vapor for various temperatures and various sizes have been simulated by the molecular dynamics method. Macroscopic characteristics of droplets such as density and pressure profiles and surface tension are estimated. The largest droplets with the equimolar dividing radius of about 20 Å resemble to the saturated macroscopic drops. Smaller droplets have s...

Microtribological measurements of a hydrogenated diamondlike carbon film in controlled gaseous environments show that water vapor plays a significant role in the friction coefficient. These experiments reveal an initial high friction transient behavior that does not reoccur even after extended periods of exposure to low partial pressures of H2O and O2. Experiments varying both water vapor press...

A thermodynamic approach is presented to classify geothermal reservoir as vapor or liquid dominated. According to it, the vapor dominated reservoir has specific volume of fluid (i.e. combined vapor and liquid) greater than the critical volume of water whereas the liquid dominated reservoir has lesser specific volume. Enthalpy is not a conservative entity in a geothermal system. Apart from it, t...

The results of a field investigation, vapor extraction tests, and long-term monitoring at a PCE-contaminated site in Saga, Japan, are reported. The field investigation indicated that PCE likely was trapped in a surface clayey sand layer (vadose zone), and soil vapor extraction (SVE) was adopted as the remediation approach. The field test results the effectiveness of SVE in removing volatile org...

An instrument for measuring the creep response of a material maintained under a controlled environment of temperature and vapor pressure is described. The temperature range of the instrument is 20-250 degrees C while the range of vapor pressure is 0-1 atm. Data are presented for tests conducted on this instrument with Nafion, a perfluorinated ionomer developed by DuPont and used as a membrane i...

The liquid-gas phase transition in finite nuclei is studied in a heated liquid-drop model where the nuclear drop is assumed to be in thermodynamic equilibrium with its own evaporated nucleonic vapor conserving the total baryon number and isospin of the system. It is found that in the liquid-vapor coexistence region the pressure is not a constant on an isotherm indicating that the transition is ...

Gibbs did not consider the Kelvin equation for the vapor pressure of small drops for the obvious reason that it does not constitute chemical equilibrium. The Kelvin equation represents true equilibrium between vapor and a flat surface of liquid water, where the liquid is under a pressure greater than the vapor by any assigned value AP. For example, in a closed vessel in the presence of an inert...

The ability of zeotropic mixtures with a temperature glide to operate in liquid recirculation systems is investigated in this paper, and the preliminary results of an experimental comparison between the performance of R134a and of zeotropic mixture R32/Rl34a, (25/75 by mass) are presented. The perfonnance of Rl34a operating in dry expansion mode are also presented as baseline data. INTRODUCTION...

We present vapor pressure data of the C2 to C5 dicarboxylic acids deduced from measured evaporation rates of single levitated particles as both, aqueous droplets and solid crystals. The data of aqueous solution particles over a wide concentration range allow us to directly calculate activities of the dicarboxylic acids and comparison of these activities with parameterizations reported in the li...