The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been increasingly applied as a technique for multi-criteria decision analysis in healthcare. The AHP can aid decision makers in selecting the most valuable technology for patients, while taking into account multiple, and even conflicting, decision criteria. This tutorial illustrates the procedural steps of the AHP in supporting group decision making abou...

Measurement of personal values in terms of money or utility can promote efficient public decisions about environmental and risk regulation, health care, and so forth. Current measures are subject to several biases. Quantitative judgments of value are often based on a concept of importance that ignores the quantity of the good being valued. They are sensitive to irrelevant factors, such as cost ...

This study examines socially constructed authenticity. It first tests a fundamental yet rarely examined assumption underlying the contemporary appeal of authenticity, namely, that consumers assign higher value to organizations perceived as authentic. It also explores how consumers use language to express judgments about different meanings of authenticity. In addition, it examines how such judgm...

People tend to judge what is typical as also good and appropriate-as what ought to be. What accounts for the prevalence of these judgments, given that their validity is at best uncertain? We hypothesized that the tendency to reason from "is" to "ought" is due in part to a systematic bias in people's (nonmoral) explanations, whereby regularities (e.g., giving roses on Valentine's Day) are explai...

homicide is one of the most important crimes in all countries statutory laws. such an importance is out of both of severity of the committed crime and difficulties in trial. these difficulties may cause to different and even paradoxical verdicts in the same case. this article is involved in one of these cases, i.e. homicide which has encountered to different judgments and is still open. brief r...

Often it is appropriate to have more than one decision maker perform the pairwise comparisons that are part of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). With group judgments one would hope for broad consensus among the decision makers, in which case one would aggregate judgments via their geometric mean. However, consensus may not always be reached and significant dispersion may exist among the jud...

When participants in psychophysical experiments are asked to estimate or identify stimuli which differ on a single physical dimension, their judgments are influenced by the local experimental context — the item presented and judgment made on the previous trial. It has been suggested that similar sequential effects occur in more naturalistic, real-world judgments. In three experiments we asked p...