In cats less than 10 years of age, idiopathic cystitis accounts for clinical signs of irritative voiding in 60 to 70% of cats. Urolithiasis is encountered in 10 to 20% of cases, with most being associated with either calcium oxalate or struvite. About 10% may have an associated structural abnormality such as urachal diverticulum or urethral stricture, another 10% have what appears to be a behav...

OBJECTIVE To present and evaluate our initial results with a modified double face onlay preputial flap (DOPF) for repair of different degrees of hypospadias. MATERIAL AND METHODS From April 2004 to April 2009, 182 patients with different degrees of hypospadias (distal penile hypospadias = 122, mid penile hypospadias = 38, proximal penile hypospadias = 22) were included in our study. All patie...