The density of electron states, p(E), in disordered systems in the band-tail region near band edges is investigated. %'e show that the p(E) of the Halperin and Lax type derived by Sa-yakanit predicts, in three dimensions, an exponential (Urbach) band tail for the correlation lengths found in amorphous Si and within the energy range observed in optical absorption near band edges. The simple expo...

Recently a number of authors have tried to avoid the failures of traditional Dutch book arguments by separating them from pragmatic concerns of avoiding a sure loss. In this paper I examine defenses of this kind by Howson and Urbach, Hellman, and Christensen. I construct rigorous explications of their arguments and show that they are not cogent. I advocate abandoning Dutch book arguments in fav...

Please cite this article as: Volker Arnd Coenen, Lena Valerie Schumacher, Christoph Kaller, Thomas Eduard Schlaepfer, Peter Christoph Reinacher, Karl Egger, Horst Urbach, Marco Reisert , The anatomy of the human medial forebrain bundle: Ventral tegmental area connections to reward-associated subcortical and frontal lobe regions. The address for the corresponding author was captured as affiliati...

The decrease of crystal phonon peak intensities in Raman spectra silicon carbide after heavy-ion irradiation is analysed relation to band-gap shrinkage and Urbach edge slope increase arising ...

Peter Petrik,1,∗ Nitish Kumar, Miklos Fried, Balint Fodor, Gyorgy Juhasz, Silvania F. Pereira, Sven Burger and H. Paul Urbach Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1121 Budapest, Konkoly Thege u. 29-33 Optics Research Group, Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, P. O. Box 5046, 2600GA Delft, ...

A general semiconductor-independent two-dimensional character of the carrier distribution in top-gate polymer field-effect transistors is revealed by analysing temperature-dependent transfer characteristics and the sub-bandgap absorption tails of the polymer semiconductors. A correlation between the extracted width of the density of states and the Urbach energy is presented, corroborating the 2...