a rare anatomical innervation of the musculocutaneous nerve m.m. taghavi msc , m. shariati kohbanani msc , s.m. seyedmirzaee md received: 24/09/06 sent for revision: 20/02/07 received revised manuscript: 07/04/07 accepted: 27/05/07 background and objectives: anatomically the musculocutaneous nerve (c5,6 ) is a branch of lateral cord of the brachial plexus and its motor nerve fibers innervates t...

Transposition of teeth is a severe problem, which usually affects the cuspid-first premolar area. It is frequently associated with other dental anomalies such as tooth agenesis, peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisors, retained deciduous teeth, malpositions of the adjacent teeth and other teeth malformations. This paper describes the orthodontic management with fixed appliances of a case of bilat...

BACKGROUND Lateral positioning decreases upper airway obstruction in paralyzed, anesthetized adults and in individuals with sleep apnea during sleep. The authors hypothesized that lateral positioning increases upper airway cross-sectional area and total upper airway volume when compared with the supine position in sedated, spontaneously breathing children. METHODS Children aged 2-12 yr requir...

BACKGROUND Rhinoplasty techniques to affect nasal tip rotation are well described. Cephalic alar trim is a powerful method for achieving tip elevation. Previous studies and texts provide aesthetic guidelines for nasolabial angles. Often, surgeon experience determines the degree of lower lateral cartilage resection to achieve optimal results. This study analyzes the change in tip elevation with ...

The study by Palhazi, Daniel, and Kosins is a thorough anatomical and clinical analysis of the osseocartilaginous vault of the nose. The authors begin the article with some of the finest anatomical dissections of the nose currently in the literature. Their photography and measurements provide a high level of detail. On the basis of the data they collected in the cadaver laboratory, they were ab...

Techniques in oculofacial surgery continue to develop as our understanding of anatomy and pathophysiology continue to evolve. While the centerpiece of the quest to rejuvenate the upper eyelid and brow has for years been the upper blepharoplasty, several modifications to traditional techniques have been developed that allow for enhanced outcomes utilizing less invasive approaches. Techniques dis...

speakerʼs phonation at two fundamental frequencies were analyzed with a 3D pattern matching method to obtain displacement and angular changes of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages. Results show displacement of the two cartilages relative to each other in 3D. The largest difference between 110 Hz and 165 Hz was found to be 1.2 mm horizontally and 0.6 mm vertically with respect to the translation...