Abstract Recently, microbial biopolymer-based soil treatment (BPST) has gained attention for its application in environmentally friendly stabilization, particularly enhancing the strength and stability of fine-grained soils. However, effects BPST on clay’s compressibility (consolidation) expansion (swelling) behaviors remain unclear. This study used xanthan gum, a microbially produced polysacch...

The stability of unsupported rectangular excavations in undrained clay is examined under the influence anisotropy and heterogeneity using three-dimensional finite element upper lower bound limit analysis with Anisotropic Undrained Shear (AUS) failure criterion. Three anisotropic shear strengths are considered study, namely triaxial compression, extension, direct simple shear. Special considerat...

Construction of civil engineering structures on weak soil without taking necessary precautions may be risky. Alluvial that has not completed its geological formation a high void ratio and contains organic material therefore, the strength properties these soils should examined carefully. In this study, undrained shear (cu) behavior natural polypropylene (PP) fiber-reinforced alluvial clays was i...