Underground pipelines constitute one of the most important ways to transport large amounts of fluid (e.g. oil and water) through long distances. However, existing leakage detection techniques do not work well in monitoring the underground pipelines due to the harsh underground environmental conditions. In this paper, a new solution, the magnetic induction (MI)-based wireless sensor network for ...

The wide adoption of underground mining has contributed immensely to the rapid growth of the countries’ economy, job creation, gross domestic product, fixed capital formation, gross investment and merchandise exports on an enormous global scale. At the same time, the tedious and dangerous nature of underground mining makes it vulnerable to mine accidents and disasters, such as the fall of loose...

A brief review is made of some of the experimental signatures that may be associated to a certain class of extensions of the standard model. The material of these lectures is divided into two sections. After briefly sketching the present observational status of the neutrino masses I consider various schemes of neutrino mass generation, including those which are motivated by present experimental...

The implementation of underground distribution lines has grown significantly over the last decades due to the rapid increase of electric energy demand. But, the life of underground lines is determined by strong single or multiple stresses, developed during manufacturing and operation. Establishing and predicting the end of life of a distribution underground line is a task for researchers, desig...

The availability of data for the size of the “Underground Economy” is important for macroeconomic policy. We use fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic to construct an annual time-series for the (unobservable) New Zealand underground economy over the period 1968 to 1994. Two input variables are used – the effective tax rate and an index of the degree of regulation. The resulting underground economy t...

This paper presents an underground navigation app “mUvi”. For the indoor navigation of underground users, it only exploits the information from the environment of the user, collected by the internal sensors of the user’s smartphone. Based on an experimental study on the use of smartphone sensors for underground navigation the mobile app uses a combination of microphone and two additional sensor...

in order to improve the level of intelligence, availability, being on demand, convenience, information and humanization of rural public transportation systems, they are more willing to use modern information and communicative technologies. in addition to management services, intelligent transportation systems can provide passengers, drivers, travel agencies and other institutions with other ser...

In China, backfill mining has been selected as an effective approach to realize the green of underground coal resources, where materials are major factor in development mining. order provide a better reference for further research and mining, experience achievements reviewed this paper. Firstly, that have successfully applied Chinese divided into two categories according whether water is used d...

With the development of underground transportation, in order to reduce impact on surrounding environment and traffic, Hejiaying subway island station adopts concealed excavation method. During construction process, considering method, tunnel layout, ventilation requirements, working face as a multi-conductor cave, more stringent requirements are put forward for tunnel. Through combination theor...