The drought of the early 1920s and economic collapse 1930s caused unprecedented problems for farmers in Alberta. Low prices poor markets to become overindebted. Parliament's response situation was Farmers' Creditors Arrangement Act, 1934 (FCAA), which intended create an alternative mechanism bankruptcy through could negotiate debt compromises with their creditors. Parliament viewed as a tempora...

Six studies explored the hypothesis that third parties are averse to resolving preference disputes with winner-take-all solutions when disputing factions belong to different social categories (e.g. gender, nationality, fi rms, etc.) versus the same social category. Studies 1–3 showed that third parties’ aversion to winner-take-all solutions, even when they are based on the unbiased toss of a co...

dispute resolution procedures in contract construction: from iran’s legal and imamiyeh fiqh perspectives solmaz hadi [1] morteza haji pour [2] abstract in iranian civil law, in spite of the long tradition of using alternative dispute resolution (adr) methods, and existence of rules and regulation regarding conciliation and compromise, the use of adr methods were not welcomed by the conflicting ...

according to the civil code, article 663 every action accomplished out of his authority by agents among them the governmental managers is ineffective. but operating this article with respect to governmental contracts especially those which concern to act of state (act jure empirii) creates undesirable effects and make the people distrust to the government and spoil the rights of the persons of ...

abstract: access to exact and reliable information about the land and knowledge of legal situation of land during of transaction is very important. the person that wants acquire a land, he spends charges for achieving of information but sometimes these efforts don’t result to consequence and it is possible that transferee confronts whit person who isn’t owner or who does opponent transactions. ...

In the wake of a sexual assault, a victim is faced with sensitive questions, grueling examinations, and life-altering decisions. To assist victims in dealing with such issues, many communities make sexual assault crisis counselors available. These counselors act as support persons for the victim as he or she deals with police, doctors, prosecutors, friends, and family. Because these counselors ...

In recent years, the dilemma of cyber attacks by malicious third parties targeting security vulnerabilities in information and communication systems has emerged, resulting in security incidents. This situation suggests that the establishment of proactive efforts and recurrence prevention measures are becoming imperative, especially in critical infrastructure sectors. This paper provides an anal...