INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were to evaluate the removal of dentin debris from the root canal by sonic or ultrasonic activation of the irrigant and the physical mechanisms of sonic activation by visualizing the oscillations of the sonic tip, both inside and outside the confinement of the root canal. METHODS Roots of 18 canines were embedded, split, and prepared into standardized root ...

In standard environments, both Data Link and the Physical (PHY) layers are defined in the Network Interface Cards (NIC) and they cannot be accessed in real-time via software. However, these lower layers contain valuable information that can be used to measure and to improve the performance of the network. Recently, SoNIC [1] was proposed to provide realtime access to the Physical Layer and it w...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the root surface roughness after instrumentation with hand curette and diamond-coated sonic and universal ultrasonic tips. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty root surfaces of human teeth were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: control group (without instrumentation), curette instrumentation, ultrasonic instrumentation with universal tip an...

College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware 700 Pilottown Road, Lewes, Delaware 19958 Present address: UT-Houston Medical School. Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, Texas 77225 Abstract.-Male weakfish, Cynoscion regalis, were collected from the southwest portion ofDelaware Bay from April through September in 1990 and 1991. Morphometric measurements ofthe sonic mus...

An ultrasonic sensor design with sonic velocity compensation is developed to improve the accuracy of distance measurement in membrane modules. High accuracy real-time distance measurements are needed in membrane fouling and compaction studies. The benefits of the sonic velocity compensation with a reference transducer are compared to the sonic velocity calculated with the measured temperature a...

In this work we revisit the steady state, spherically symmetric gas accretion problem from non-relativistic regime to ultra-relativistic one. We first perform a detailed comparison between Bondi and Michel models, show how mass rate in solution approaches constant value as fluid temperature increases, whereas corresponding continually decreases, difference these two predicted values becoming ar...

The transfer of Hypermedia features to audio in an audio-visual environment is discussed, introducing sonic hyperlinks. Sonic hyperlinks are links annotated using sound within an audio stream that lead to arbitrary multimedia content. As an example application, sonic hyperlinks have been integrated in interactive Web-TV which is broadcasted via the Internet. A system architecture and implementa...

An axisymmetric full Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics study is conducted to examine nozzle exhaust jet plume effects on the sonic boom signature of a supersonic aircraft. A simplified axisymmetric nozzle geometry, representative of the nozzle on the NASA Dryden NF-15B Lift and Nozzle Change Effects on Tail Shock research airplane, is considered. The computational fluid dynamics code i...