Milk would be contaminated with Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) if it was obtained from lactating animal which fed with feedstuffs containing Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). AFM1 is classified as group 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans and exposure to AFM1 through milk consumption is a public concern. The purpose of this study was to determine the AFM1 exposure through liquid milk consumption for adult consumers in...

In this research, yellow onion peel extract (YOPE) was tested against some pathogens inoculated into pasteurized, UHT and raw milks. Milk samples were added with YOPE at 10% (v/v) left 4 ºC for 5 days. The pH colour of milk determined 1, 3 5th day storage. Moreover, the by 0.0, 5.0 7.0 log cfu/mL Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 S. aureus 25923. All above then a rate 0.0 or 5.0% (v/v). had greatest ...

Raw bovine milk is highly nutritious as well as pH-neutral, providing the ideal conditions for microbial growth. The microbiota of raw milk is diverse and originates from several sources of contamination including the external udder surface, milking equipment, air, water, feed, grass, feces, and soil. Many bacterial and fungal species can be found in raw milk. The autochthonous microbiota of ra...

Protection efficiency of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) packaging comprising light protective additives (LPA) was investigated for ultra-high temperature (UHT) 2% milk over 26 weeks in refrigerated LED-lighted retail case storage. For the first time, synergistic efficacy titanium dioxide (TiO2) and carbon black (CB) pigments PET protecting nutrients flavor evaluated this study. Combination Ti...

The destabilization of UHT milk during its shelf life can be promoted by the residual proteolytic activity attributed to protease AprX from Pseudomonas. To better understand hydrolysis patterns AprX, and evaluate feasibility using low-temperature inactivation (LTI) for release peptides through on proteins was examined an LC-MS/MS-based peptidomic analysis. Milk samples were either directly incu...

β -Lactoglobulin is capable of binding fat-soluble compounds including vitamin A palmitate and is suggested to specifically enhance intestinal uptake of retinol. In this study, bioavailability of a vitamin-A-retinyl palmitate complex in skim milk and in water-based liquids was investigated in vitamin-A-depleted rats. First, rats were fed a vitamin-A-free pellet diet for 6 wk and were thereafter...

One of the important routes Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) transmission in dairy calves is milk. The aim present study was to assess efficacy milk treatments prevent MAP infection calves. A one-year longitudinal carried out. Newborn were assigned one four experimental groups: 5 received naturally MAP-contaminated milk, copper treated 4 fed calf replacer, and 3 UHT pasteurized...

The content of polychlorinated biphenyls was determined in human milk collected from four regions of Poland, as well as in cow’s milk and infant formulas. Significant statistical differences in PCB levels were determined in human milk depending on the region. The highest PCB mean concentration (0.351 mg.kg-1 milk fat) was determined in human milk from Gdańsk. An average of 0.218 mg PCB kg-1 mil...

A simple apparatus has been developed for a new "microcube" encapsulation of fluid milk samples in their prefixation preparation for electron microscopy. The new technique is based on making cubic wells in an agar gel layer, filling them with fluid milk samples, and sealing them with another agar gel layer . The individual wells are then separated by cutting from the initial block, providing 0....