BACKGROUND Concerns regarding increasing microbial resistance to vancomycin have resulted in recommendations for a higher trough serum vancomycin concentration. This study aimed to assess the dosage guidelines targeting vancomycin trough concentrations of 15-20 mg/L. METHODS About 216 adult patients (age, >60 yr) were treated with intravenous vancomycin. The patients were divided into 2 group...

Mesoscale analysis of surface observations and mesoscale modeling results show that the 10–11 June squall line, contrary to prior studies, did not form entirely ahead of a cold front. The primary environmental features leading to the initiation and organization of the squall line were a low-level trough in the lee of the Rocky Mountains and a midlevel short-wave trough. Three additional mechani...

The influence of an upper-level trough on a Baiu frontal depression (BFD) that caused heavy rainfall event in southern Kyushu, Japan, July 4, 2020, was examined using numerical simulations with and without the trough. simulation (CNTL) reproduced reasonable well-developed BFD Kyushu. Conversely, (NOUT) produced weaker notable southward shift compared situation CNTL. for NOUT due to convection t...

BACKGROUND After kidney transplantation, immunosuppressive therapy causes impaired cellular immune defense leading to an increased risk of viral complications. Trough level monitoring of immunosuppressants is insufficient to estimate the individual intensity of immunosuppression. We have already shown that virus-specific T cells (Tvis) correlate with control of virus replication as well as with...

BACKGROUND Vancomycin is effective against gram-positive bacteria and the first-line antibiotic for treatment of proven coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections. The aim of this study is bipartite: first, to assess the percentage of therapeutic initial trough serum concentrations and second, to evaluate the adequacy of the therapeutic range in interrelationship with the observed MIC-values ...

Some concepts of information theory, as entropy, conditional entropy and mutual information may be very useful to analyse several financial time series, especially statistical dependences. Trough the similarity between those measures and variance analysis is possible to get a new approach to study the level of statistical dependences in financial time series. KEY-WORDS: entropy, conditional ent...

BACKGROUND To get insight in the prevalence of high, or low/no serum infliximab trough levels in patients with low disease activity and if serum trough levels are stable and reliable longitudinally we conducted a prospective cohort study METHODS In a longitudinal, observational cohort of RA patients treated with infliximab for at least 6 months, treatment interval, DAS28, infliximab trough le...

BACKGROUND Crizotinib, an ATP-competitive receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of both anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor, commonly causes several adverse events (AEs). The clinical utility of measuring the plasma concentration of crizotinib in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evalu...