Zika virus is a kind of mosquito borne infection that was firstly reported in 1947 in Uganda. At present, it becomes the big global health threat[1,2]. In general, Zika virus infection manifests as an asymptomatic infection or causes mild symptoms that can be self-limited. However, the problems start where there was a big outbreak in islands in Pacific Ocean in 2013 and 2014[3,4]. Extension of ...

BACKGROUND Influenza outbreaks have been reported among travelers, but attack rates and incidence are unknown. METHODS A cohort study was conducted. Travelers to subtropical and tropical countries recruited at the University of Zurich Travel Clinic (Switzerland), January 1998 to March 2000, were investigated with pre- and posttravel assessment of hemagglutination inhibition and by questionnai...

We tested for dengue seroconversion among 104 Israeli young adults who traveled to tropical countries for at least 3 months. Seven (6. 7%) seroconverted during travel; four (3.8%) had immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibodies; one was symptomatic with borderline IgM and a rise in IgG; two others (1.9%) had a rise in IgG titers, without detectable IgM. All four IgM-positive patients had traveled to South...

AIM To investigate the diffusion of counterfeit medicines in developing countries and to verify the stability of galenic dosage forms to determine the stability of galenics prepared and stored in developing countries. METHODS We purchased 221 pharmaceutical samples belonging to different therapeutic classes both in authorized and illegal pharmacies and subjected them to European Pharmacopoeia...

Forest management strategies and policies such as REDD (reduced emissions from deforestation and forest degradation) may have unintentional implications for forest sectors in countries not targeted by such policies. The success of a policy effort like REDD would result in a significant reduction in deforestation and forest degradation and an ensuing reduction in the supply of natural forest tim...

tropical countries in the last two centuries. Characterised by profuse diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, abdominal distension, mouth ulcers and weight loss, it is a malabsorption syndrome the aetiology of which has never been conclusively identified. The phrase “A riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma (Winston Churchill)” applies very aptly to tropical sprue. During the period of European colonia...

In the last 20 years, orphan drug legislation (ODL) has been adopted in several countries around the world (USA, Japan, Australia, and the European Union) and has successfully promoted R&D investments to develop new pharmaceutical products for the treatment of rare diseases. Without these incentives, many life-saving new drugs would have not been developed and produced. For economic reasons, th...

Pyomyositis is a primary infection of the skeletal muscle, occurring most commonly in tropical countries. Adults who develop the disease have, in most cases, associated comorbidities that compromise the immune system, including diabetes mellitus and liver cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND In today's mobile society, international travel and immigration are becoming increasingly more common. This poses an additional challenge to the clinician to expand the differential diagnosis to include diseases endemic to the area of travel. OBSERVATION We present a case of malaria and tuberculosis in a 16-year-old African male immigrant. He had several encounters with the health ...