6 We quantify the relationship between the location of the intertropical convergence zone 7 (ITCZ) and the atmospheric heat transport across the equator (AHTEQ) in climate models 8 and in observations. The observed zonal mean ITCZ loaction varies from 5.3◦S in the Boreal 9 winter to 7.2◦N in the Boreal summer with an annual mean position of 1.65◦N while the 10 AHTEQ varies from 2.1 PW northward...

The double intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) problem, in which excessive precipitation is produced in the Southern Hemisphere tropics that resembles a Southern Hemisphere counterpart to the strong Northern Hemisphere ITCZ, is perhaps the most significant and most persistent bias of global climate models. In this study, we look to the extratropics for possible causes of the double ITCZ probl...

The double-Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) problem, in which excessive precipitation is produced in the Southern Hemisphere tropics, which resembles a Southern Hemisphere counterpart to the strong Northern Hemisphere ITCZ, is perhaps the most significant and most persistent bias of global climate models. In this study, we look to the extratropics for possible causes of the double-ITCZ pro...

Abstract. The Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) project is an ongoing, state-of-the-science system modeling, simulation, and prediction developed by the US Department of (DOE). With emphasis on supporting DOE's energy mission, understanding quantifying how well model simulates water cycle processes particular importance. Here, we evaluate E3SM version 1.0 (v1.0) for its ability to repre...

The intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is displaced to the south edge of the eastern Pacific warm pool in boreal winter, instead of being collocated. A high-resolution regional climate model is used to investigate the mechanism for this displaced ITCZ. Under the observed sea surface temperature (SST) and lateral boundary forcing, the model reproduces the salient features of eastern Pacific c...

Decadal and centennial mean state changes in South American summer monsoon (SASM) precipitation during the last 2,300 years are detailed using an annually resolved authigenic calcite record of precipitation δ(18)O from a varved lake in the Central Peruvian Andes. This unique sediment record shows that δ(18)O peaked during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) from A.D. 900 to 1100, providing evide...

Abstract Understanding the inter-basin interactions between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans is of great concern due to their substantial global climatic implications. By analyzing observational reanalysis datasets (1948–2020), we found that there are two regimes in Atlantic–Pacific interactions: (1) Pacific-driven regime, (2) Atlantic-driven regime. In regime before mid-1980s, El Niño–Southern Osci...

[1] We examine the first decade of adjustment of the North Atlantic climate following an abrupt freshening of the high North Atlantic and resulting slowdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) in a coupled model, with reference to previously proposed teleconnection mechanisms. After an initial ocean-driven cooling at the subtropical-subpolar gyre boundary, subsequent equat...

A model of intermediate complexity based on quasi-equilibrium theory—a version of the Quasi-Equilibrium Tropical Circulation Model with a prognostic atmospheric boundary layer, as well as two free-tropospheric modes in momentum, and one each in moisture and temperature—is used in a zonally symmetric aquaplanet configuration to study the sensitivity of the Hadley circulation to the sea surface t...

Article history: Received 25 June 2015 Received in revised form 22 January 2016 Accepted 1 February 2016 Available online 11 February 2016 In Central America, seasonal and interannual shifts in the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) control the hydrologic budget. To better understand long-term changes in regional ITCZ-driven precipitation we re-examined a coral δO record from...