'Center for Tropical Forest Science Arnold Arboretum Asia Program, Harvard University Herbaria, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA, Center for Tropical Forest Science, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama, Republic of Panama, 3 Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia and Center for Tropical Forest Science-Arnold Arbore...

Vanaporn Wuthiekanun, Premjit Amornchai, Sayan Langla, Malinee Oyuchua, Nicholas P. J. Day, Direk Limmathurotsakul Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medic...

We introduce in this paper the concept of tropical mirror hypersurfaces and we prove a complex tropical localization Theorem which is a version of Kapranov's Theorem [K-00] in tropical geometry. We give a geometric and a topological equivalence between coamoebas of complex algebraic hypersurfaces de ned by a maximally sparse polynomial and coamoebas of maximally sparse complex tropical hypersur...

ABSTRACT Phytophthora capsici is a diverse species causing disease on a broad range of both temperate and tropical plants. In this study, we used cultural characteristics, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), and DNA sequence analyses of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase II (cox II) genes to characterize temperate and tropical ...

Published data and analyses from temperate and tropical aquatic systems are used to summarize knowledge about the potential impact of land-use alteration on the nitrogen biogeochemistry of tropical aquatic ecosystems, identify important patterns and recommend key needs for research. The tropical N-cycle is traced from pre-disturbance conditions through the phases of disturbance, highlighting ma...

The specific objectives of the current effort are: 1. To continue our study of the dynamical processes in tropical cyclones responsible for looping or erratic motion; 2. To continue the development of methods for (a) the introduction of synthetic tropical-cyclone-scale vortices in operational forecast models and (b) ensemble forecasting of tropical cyclones; 3. To continue a sensitivity study o...

Tropical cyclogenesis is attributed to an equatorial wave when the filtered rainfall anomaly exceeds a threshold value at the genesis location. It is argued that 0 mm day (simply requiring a positive anomaly) is too small a threshold because unrelated noise can produce a positive anomaly. A threshold of 6 mm day is too large because two-thirds of storms would have no precursor disturbance. Betw...

The objective of this paper is to introduce the fundamental algebro-geometric constructions over the extended tropical semi-ring. The study of tropical varieties, co-varieties and ideals over this extension eventually yields the theorem of the weak tropical Nullstellensatz and gives an algebraic interpretation of the tropical Nullstellensatz.

Paul N Newton professor of tropical medicine , David Schellenberg professor of tropical medicine , Elizabeth A Ashley infectious disease physician , Raffaella Ravinetto pharmacist , Michael D Green chemist, Feiko O ter Kuile professor of tropical medicine, Patricia Tabernero pharmacist, Nicholas J White professor of tropical medicine , Philippe J Guerin professor of epidemiology and global heal...

[1] IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) AR4 (Fourth Assessment Report) GCMs (General Circulation Models) predict a tropical tropospheric warming that increases with height, reaches its maximum at ∼200 hPa, and decreases to zero near the tropical tropopause. This study examines the GCM‐predicted maximum warming in the tropical upper troposphere using satellite MSU (microwave soundin...