In isolated hepatocytes prepared from unfed neonatal chicks, stimulation of fatty acid synthesis by fructose or dihydroxyacetone required acetate or octanoate in the medium, suggesting that the stimulatory effect of these compounds required the enhanced production of intramitochondrial acetyl coenzyme A. Stimulation of fatty acid synthesis by lactate or pyruvate did not require a supplementary ...

Over hundred isolates of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger were examined for calcium citrate productivity under submerged culture conditions in 1-L Erlenmeyer flasks. The isolate IIB-46 was selected for improvement through ultraviolet (UV) light-induced mutagenesis. Among viable mutants, strain 19 exhibited the best citrate productivity, and it was subjected to ethyl methane sulphonate (...

Factors regulating the citric acid cycle have been investigated in rat heart mitochondria oxidizing pyruvate plus malate or acetylcarnitine plus malate as substrates. Effects caused by changing the NAD oxidation-reduction state, the intramitochondrial ATP:ADP ratio, and the respiratory rate were studied in five different metabolic states produced by additions of ADP, oligomycin, or uncouplers. ...

Ventral prostates taken from orchiectomized mice show no detectable development when cultured for four days on a chemically defined basal medium, but show extensive development if insulin is added to the basal medium.1 In these earlier studies with retrogressed prostates,1' 2 insulin added in vitro enhanced the incorporation of C14-amino acid into protein, increased the incorporation of labeled...

Radiorespirometry was used to compare the primary pathways of glucose catabolism in 18 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis representing the 12 established serotypes. Every strain utilizes the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway almost exclusively; pentose-phosphate pathway participation is minor. The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway predominates regardless of whether the cells were grown in a minimal me...

In our investigations on the kinetics of growth and formation of exoenzymes by staphylococci under various nutritional conditions, a repressible alkaline phosphatase was detected. Search of the literature revealed one report (M. H. Kuo and H. J. Blumenthal, Nature 190:29, 1961) which indicated the absence of repressible alkaline phosphatase in 20 strains of coagulase-positive and coagulase-nega...

Acollagenase inhibitor was identified in the culture medium of mouse calvaria after separation from mouse bone collagenase by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration equilibrated with 6M urea in Tris buffer. The simultaneous synthesis of both collagenase and inhibitor by mouse calvaria in tissue culture was consistent with the resuls of our previous study using achick bone culture system and otehr recent...

Sedimentation of the replicative deoxyribonucleic acid through alkaline sucrose gradients showed that rII single chains reached the half-mature size at a time when wild-type molecules formed long chains (dimers and trimers of genome size). Long rII single chains could be observed on substitution of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer for Na(+)K(+) phosphate in the growth medium.

The gene for gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gshA) from Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was isolated from a family of cosmids by its ability to complement an Escherichia coli gshA trxA double mutant which was unable to grow on minimal medium lacking glutathione. The predicted sequence of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase was found to have only 18% amino acid sequence identity to the equivalent...