BACKGROUND Maternal immunization against pertussis is currently recommended after the 26th gestational week (GW). Data on the optimal timing of maternal immunization are inconsistent. METHODS We conducted a prospective observational noninferiority study comparing the influence of second-trimester (GW 13-25) vs third-trimester (≥GW 26) tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) immunization...

PURPOSE To study systemic and retinal circulatory variables and vasoactive hormones during pregnancy in women with and without diabetes. METHODS Prospective study of 45 women with type 1 diabetes and 6 healthy pregnant women, from the first trimester of pregnancy to half a year after delivery, by using a fundus photographic method of determining retinal vessel diameters. RESULTS In diabetic...

background: vitamin d deficiency is common in pregnancy, leading to increase in the frequency of preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, neonatal bacterial vaginosis, and gestational diabetes. the current study was designed and implemented to investigate the effect  of vitamin d during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy in reducing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) in women who...

background: iron deficiency anemia (ida) during pregnancy is a common nutritional disorder with adverse effects for the baby, such as premature birth and low birth weight, and the mother, such as cardiovascular symptoms and reduced physical and mental strength. therefore, identifying factors affective on ida will assist the improvement of the health of the mother and fetus. this study aimed to ...

Two studies suggest an increased risk of miscarriage after nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) use during the first trimester of pregnancy. The NSAID exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy could also be related to an increased risk in congenital anomalies (specifically cardiac defects). However, this teratogenic potential remains uncertain. In practice, a benefit/risk evaluat...

Amniocentesis and the instillation of various abortifacients has become increasingly popular as a simple and acceptable method for mid-trimester abortions. Experience gained from large abortion series and many clinical trials has shown that, if correctly used in properly selected cases, hypertonic saline and prosta· glandins (PG) are useful and effective drugs to terminate late first trimester ...

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), one of the most common pregnancy complications, can lead to morbidity and mortality in both mother infant. Metabolomics has provided new insights into pathology GDM systemic analysis with metabolites is required for providing more clues diagnosis mechanism research. This study aims reveal metabolic differences between normal pregnant wome...

Objectives: To describe the maternal and fetal characteristics of isolated antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH), to address parental concerns by providing local data based on the fetal renal pelvis anteroposterior diameter (APD), and to determine the most effective APD cutoff in the second and third trimester for prediction of postnatal urological outcome. Methods: A retrospective review of all cases...

BACKGROUND Recent reports indicate a decline in rates of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) among Alaska Native and American Indian (AN/AI) infants. Nevertheless, AN/AI infants remain disproportionately impacted by the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. METHODS AN/AI pregnant women in their 3rd trimester completed a questionnaire on demographic data and the amount and frequency of their alcohol ...