The first syntheses of 4-methyl-2-t-butyland 2-methyl-4.6-di-t-butyl-indole are described. Rates of diazocoupling at the 3-position of both these compounds together with those for 2-methyland 2-t-butyl-indole are reported for various para-substituted arenediazonium ions in mixed aqueous and some aprotic solvents a t 25". The kinetic behaviour of 2-methylindole is examined in detail and it is sh...

For spectrophotometric analysis of Hg (II) ions, we have used and compared two membranes preparation methods using different polymer; one is poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and the other is triacetylcellulose (TAC). In the case of TAC membrane, it was treated with a ligand solution (1.166 × 10-3 mole L-1) in ethylenediamine at the ambient temperature for almost 2-5 min. However, in the case of PVC m...

IL-1 (interleukin-1) acts as a key mediator of the degeneration of articular cartilage in RA (rheumatoid arthritis) and OA (osteoarthritis),where chondrocyte death is observed. It is still controversial, however, whether IL-1 induces chondrocyte death. In the present study, the viability of mouse chondrocyte-like ATDC5 cells was reduced by the treatment with IL-1beta for 48 h or longer. IL-1bet...

PURPOSE Recent evidence shows that nitric oxide (NO) may exhibit both pro-cancer and anti-cancer activities. The present study aimed to determine the differentially expressed proteins in NO-treated NIH/3T3 fibroblasts in order to investigate whether NO induces proteins with pro-cancer or anti-cancer effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cells were treated with 300 μM of an NO donor 3,3-bis-(amin...

Liver first-pass metabolism differs considerably among organic nitrates, but little information exists on the mechanism of denitration of these compounds in hepatic tissue. The metabolism of nitrooxybutyl-esters of flurbiprofen and ferulic-acid, a class of organic nitrates with potential therapeutic implication in variety of different conditions, was investigated in comparison with glyceryl tri...

In most organisms, thioredoxin (Trx) and/or glutathione (GSH) systems are essential for redox homeostasis and deoxyribonucleotide synthesis. Platyhelminth parasites have a unique and simplified thiol-based redox system, in which the selenoprotein thioredoxin-glutathione reductase (TGR), a fusion of a glutaredoxin (Grx) domain to canonical thioredoxin reductase domains, is the sole enzyme supply...

A facile and highly efficient method have been developed for the preconcentration of the mercury content in crude oil and gasoline samples after digestion with microwave-assisted digestion. Octadecyl silica membrane disk has been modified by the recently synthesized triazene ligand, (E)-1-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl) triaz-1-ene (ENT), then the modified membrane was used for the preco...

The mixed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-DNA targeting properties of SMA41, a 6-(3-methyl-1,2,3-triazen-1-yl)-4-anilinoquinazoline designed to release N(4)-m-tolyl-quinazoline-4,6-diamine henceforth referred to as SMA52 [an inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase (TK)] and methyldiazonium (a DNA methylating species) were studied in the O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)-proficie...