Microtunneling is a trenchless technology method used for installing new pipelines. The inherent advantages of this method over open-cut trenching have led to its increasing use. This paper presents a general model for microtunneling decision support system (MDS) that can be used as a basis for developing more effective microtunneling design and construction. The model objectives are to: (1) de...

The sinistral East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ) and the dextral North (NAFZ) are two important strike-slip faults that delimit boundaries of plate. north-south directed compressional forces in eastern Türkiye trigger westward escape plate along these prominent structures. This study aims to reveal earthquake history Sürgü Çardak faults, which fault segments splay from EAFZ. In this context, over...

In this work, we have applied two geophysical techniques in different areas of potential interest for paleoseismological assessment the active faults Acambay graben. The main goal was to localize segments buried suspected break surface during 1912 Earthquake, order (1) identify favorable sites investigation purpose and (2) extrapolate data obtained with a paleoseismic trenching. On one hand, El...

Triggered by reactivation of the strike-slip North Anatolian Fault, the disastrous Mw 7.4 Kocaeli (Turkey) earthquake also produced normal faulting in the pull-apart basin of Gölcük. Surface scarps from such faulting reached almost 2.5m in height. Several structures were crossed by the surface rupture. As expected, many of them either collapsed or were severely damaged. But, surprisingly, sever...

This study presents preliminary results of research on pre-Angkorian canals near the ancient settlement of Angkor Borei in the southern Mekong delta of southern Cambodia. The canals have been mapped by aerial photograph interpretation and investigated in the field by hand auger drilling of two canal traces and trenching of one of these. Luminescence profiling through the canal infill successful...

While there is strong evidence for hydraulic redistribution (HR) of soil water by trees, it is not known if common mycorrhizal networks (CMN) can facilitate HR from mature trees to seedlings under field conditions. Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) seedlings were planted into root-excluding 61-microm mesh barrier chambers buried in an old-growth pine forest. After 2 yr, several mature trees were...

Raised field agriculture is a pre-Hispanic intensive crop production system used in the Andean region of highland Peru and Bolivia around the Lake Titicaca Basin (Figure 6.1). The system combines the use of large raised earthen planting platforms with complex networks of intervening canals and ditches. These features are evidence of massive earthmoving and landscape modification covering an are...

Erosion in the first year after a wildfire can be up to three orders of magnitude greater than the erosion from undisturbed forests. To mitigate potential postfire erosion, various erosion control treatments are applied on highly erodible areas with downstream resources in need of protection. Because postfire erosion rates generally decline by an order of magnitude for each year of recovery, ef...