there area lot of mobile computer devices with a variety of applications and users tend to use them more. due to the limitations of mobile devices, running most of the procedures are impossible. to resolve this problem, mobile devices can be connected to the grid, to use the facilities of grid. on the other hand the communication mechanisms are different for each device and they cannot be conne...

successful endodontic treatment requires thorough knowledge regarding each root canal system of any tooth and probability of extra canals should be considered. second maxillary molar with two palatal root canals is not frequent and its incidence reported in literatures is about 0.4–2%. the present case report describes non-surgical retreatment of maxillary second molar with two palatal root can...

Introduction Using ionization radiation for diagnostic and treatment fields has increased worldwide dramatically. This issue causes an increase in the absorbed and collective doses in society noticeably. With regard to two main principles in radiation protection, i.e., justification and optimization, it is necessary to have imaging process with minimum dose to patients and personnel. For achiev...