Bone is generally loaded under multiaxial conditions in vivo; as it invariably contains microcracks, this leads to complex mixed-mode stress-states involving combinations of tension, compression and shear. In previous work on the mixed-mode loading of human cortical bone (using an asymmetric bend test geometry), we found that the bone toughness was lower when loaded in far-field shear than in t...

Optimal design of beams subject to a combination of uncertain and deterministic transverse loads is presented using a min-max approach. The compliance of the beam is maximized to compute the worst case loading and minimized to determine the optimal cross-sectional shape. The uncertain component of the transverse load acting on the beam is not known a priori resulting in load uncertainty subject...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Two contradictory cementing techniques (using an undersized stem versus a canal-filling stem) can both lead to excellent survival rates, a phenomenon known as the "French paradox". Furthermore, previous studies have indicated that the type of bone supporting the cement mantle may affect implant survival. To further evaluate the mechanical consequences of variations in cem...

A transform-domain ultrasonic pulse-echo signal processing technique was developed to determine the locations of delaminations in thin composite laminates. It was shown in this study that complex and magnitude cepstra can be used as effective tools for detecting reflected echoes and reconstructing high-resolution images. The scheme was experimentally verified by detecting the echo arrival times...

OBJECTIVE Physiological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) under loading or knee malalignment conditions has not been thoroughly investigated. We assessed the influence of static loading and knee alignment on T2 (transverse relaxation time) mapping of the knee femoral cartilage of porcine knee joints using a non-metallic pressure device. METHODS Ten porcine knee joints were harvested en bloc wi...

Abstract The motion, deformation, and destruction of a thin fiber under the action transverse shock load are numerically simulated. is described by equations Rakhmatulin’s theory. system dynamic solved using finite-difference method. parameters for model can be obtained directly from impact loading experiments, so dependence material properties on strain rate taken into account. Numerical resul...

INTRODUCTION External fixation is the primary choice of temporary fracture stabilisation for specific polytrauma patients. Adequate initial fracture healing requires sufficient stability at the fracture site. The purpose of this study was to compare the rigidity of the Dynafix DFS(®) Standard Fixator (4 joints) with the Orthofix ProCallus Fixator(®) (2 joints), which differ in possibilities for...

Mid-substance fibrocartilage develops in bovine deep flexor tendon at the point where the tendon wraps under sesamoid bones of the foot and receives transverse compressive loading during locomotion. Fibrocartilage extends several millimeters into the tendon at this location and the proteoglycan-rich tissue stains intensely with Alcian blue. Using histochemical techniques we demonstrate the pres...

Cyclic energizing of a magnet coil with Cable in Conduit Conductors (CICC), as for fusion applications, results in an anomalous change of the interstrand contact resistance ( ) and coupling loss ( ) due to the alternating transverse forces. Previously, three Nb3Sn ITER conductors have been tested in a cryogenic press, up to 40 cycles. Now, for the first time, the behavior of NbTi conductors und...

Although the mode I (tensile opening) fracture toughness has been the focus of most fracture mechanics studies of human cortical bone, bones in vivo are invariably loaded multiaxially. Consequently, an understanding of mixed-mode fracture is necessary to determine whether a mode I fracture toughness test provides the appropriate information to accurately quantify fracture risk. In this study, w...