In eukaryotes, the entwined pathways of RNA transport and local translational regulation are key determinants in the spatio-temporal articulation of gene expression. One of the main advantages of this mechanism over transcriptional control in the nucleus lies in the fact that it endows local sites with independent decision-making authority, a consideration that is of particular relevance in cel...

The performance of transport layer protocols can be affected differently due to wireless congestion, as opposed to network congestion. Using an active network evaluation strategy in a real world test-bed experiment, the Transport Control Protocol (TCP), Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), and Stream Control Transport Protocol (SCTP) were evaluated to determine their effectiveness in te...

Multipath transport protocols have the potential to greatly improve the performance and resilience of Internet traffic flows. The basic idea is that if flows are able to simultaneously use more than one path through the network, then they will be more resilient to problems on particular paths (e.g. transient problems on a radio interface), and they will be able to pool capacity across multiple ...

In the present paper we deal with an optimal control problem related to a model in population dynamics; more precisely, the goal is to modify the behavior of a given density of individuals via another population of agents interacting with the first. The cost functional to be minimized to determine the dynamics of the second population takes into account the desired target or configuration to be...

Paul V. Santacroce,† Jeffery T. Davis,*,† Mark E. Light,‡ Philip A. Gale,*,‡ José Carlos Iglesias-Sánchez,§ Pilar Prados,§ and Roberto Quesada*,§ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UniVersity of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, School of Chemistry, UniVersity of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, UniVersidad Autónoma de Madrid...

We propose an efficient flow and error control scheme for highthroughput transport protocols by using a second-order rate control, called the -control, and a new sliding-window scheme for error control. The -control minimizes the packet retransmissions by adjusting the rate-gain parameter to the variations in the number and round-trip times (RTTs) of cross-traffic flows that share the bottlenec...

The role of neurofilaments, the intermediate filaments of nerve cells, has been conjectural. Previous morphological studies have suggested a close relationship between neurofilament content and axonal caliber. In this study, the regenerating neuron was used as a model system for testing the hypotheses that neurofilaments are intrinsic determinants of axonal caliber, and that neurofilament conte...

It has becn suggested that the phosphorylation potential, i.c. the energy required for ATP synthesis under the prevailing conditions and calculated from the (ATP)/@DP)( P,) ratio, is an important factor in the regulation of energy metabolism [ 11. Measurements of cytosolic concentrations of ATP, ADP and PI by n.m.r. spectroscopy support this view 121 and in order to assist with the stabilizatio...

The extracellular accumulation of the nucleoside adenosine is one of the first steps in a protective auto/ paracrine signaling cascade aimed at limiting cellular damage in response to adverse conditions including hypoxia or ischemia.1 This adenosine acts as a signal molecule that is able to mediate numerous physiological and metabolic effects that could be beneficial to hypoxic cells including ...

Feedback control in quantum transport has been predicted to give rise to several interesting effects, among them quantum state stabilization and the realization of a mesoscopic Maxwell's daemon. These results were derived under the assumption that control operations on the system are affected instantaneously after the measurement of electronic jumps through it. In this contribution, I describe ...